重载铁路货车钩舌检修经济性研究  

Study on the Maintenance Economy of Coupler Knuckle for Heavy Duty Railway Freight Cars

作　　者：王蒙 王岩 WANG Meng;WANG Yan(Guoneng Railway Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100120,China;Dalian R&D Center,CRRC Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Dalian 116052,China)

机构地区：[1]国能铁路装备有限责任公司,北京100120 [2]中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司大连研发中心,辽宁大连116052

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2025年第1期204-207,共4页Rolling Stock

摘　　要：国家能源集团铁路货车的载重、编组数量和列车周转率的提高导致了列车纵向作用力增大且作用频次增加,从而使车钩及钩舌的运用工况恶化且疲劳寿命大幅降低,疲劳裂纹目前成为钩舌的主要失效形式。钩舌疲劳失效比例升高导致了钩舌的检修及更换成本大幅增加,为了充分利用钩舌的使用寿命,降低钩舌检修维护成本,文章基于国家能源集团重载铁路货车用16H型钩舌的检修数据,统计得到了各种运用时间的钩舌因疲劳失效的报废率,从钩舌检修成本和剩余价值的角度提出了钩舌的合理报废年限,并建议依据合理报废年限优化现有的检修模式,从而为合理利用钩舌的使用寿命、降低钩舌检修维护成本以及完善钩舌检修规程提供数据支持。The increase in the load,composition and train turnover rate of CHN Energy railway freight cars has resulted in an increase in the longitudinal force of the train and a rise in the frequency of action,thereby deteriorating the operating conditions of the coupler and coupler knuckle and significantly reducing the fatigue life capability.Fatigue cracks have become the main failure form of coupler knuckles.In order to make full use of the service life of the coupler knuckle and reduce the maintenance cost,this paper counts,based on the maintenance data of 16H coupler knuckles for heavy-haul railway freight cars of CHN Energy,the scrap rate of coupler knuckles due to fatigue failure at various service times.It proposes a reasonable scrap period for coupler knuckles from the perspective of maintenance cost and residual value,and suggests optimizing the existing maintenance mode according to the reasonable scrap period.This would provide data support for rational use of the service life of coupler knuckles,the reduction of maintenance costs,and improvement of maintenance procedures.

关 键 词：重载铁路货车 钩舌 疲劳 报废率 检修 经济性 

分 类 号：U272[机械工程—车辆工程]