海上溢油模拟目标的日盲紫外反射特性研究  

Solar-Blind UV Reflection Characteristics of Simulated Oil Spill Targets at Ocean

作　　者：龚博文 毛石磊 陈波 GONG Bo-wen;MAO Shi-lei;CHEN Bo(University of Chinese Academy of Science,Space X-ray Extreme Ultraviolet Labortory,Beijing 100048,China;Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大学空间X射线-极紫外研究室,北京101408 [2]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,吉林长春130033

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2025年第3期637-644,共8页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年学科基金项目(62205331)资助。

摘　　要：海上溢油会对环境造成极大破坏,及时准确探测及识别对溢油的治理具有至关重要的作用。日盲紫外溢油监测受太阳背景辐射影响更小,可以提高溢油监测的准确率。研究设计并搭建水面油膜在日盲紫外、中波紫外和长波紫外波段反射光谱测试光路,对海洋溢油的四种模拟目标(95#汽油、35#柴油、20#柴油、轻质原油)展开反射光谱测试,分析了反射率随油膜厚度的变化趋势。采用单层膜特征矩阵模拟计算不同厚度油膜在不同波长下的反射率。实验与仿真结果表明,成品油和原油在日盲紫外波段的反射率均比海水更高,反射率随油膜厚度的改变近似周期性震荡最后趋近于纯油的反射率,周期大小和反射率峰值主要由油的复折射率和油膜厚度决定,实验与数值模拟结果相符。研究结果表明,水面油膜与水体背景在日盲紫外波段的反射光有较高的可区分度、反射率震荡变化的油膜厚度范围更小,采用主动式日盲紫外反射光谱探测海面溢油可以提高检测准确度,为全天时全天候溢油监测提供可能。Offshore oil spills can cause serious environmental damage.Timely and accurate detection and identification are crucial for controlling oil spills.Solar-blind ultraviolet(UV)monitoring for oil spills is less affected by solar background radiation,which can improve the accuracy of oil spill monitoring.A reflection spectroscopy test system was designed and constructed to measure the reflectance spectra of four types of simulated marine oil spills(-20#Diesel,-35#Diesel,95#Gasoline,and Light crude oil)in the solar-blind UV,medium-wavelength UV,and long-wavelength UV bands.The variation trend of reflectance with film thickness was analyzed.Meanwhile,the reflectivity of oil films with different thicknesses was simulated and calculated using the single-layer feature matrix at different wavelengths.The experimental and simulation results showed that refined oil and crude oil have higher reflectivity than seawater in the UV band,and the reflectivity oscillates periodically with changes in the oil film thickness and eventually approaches the reflectivity of pure oil.The period and reflectivity peak is mainly determined by the oil s complex refractive index and the oil film s thickness,and the experimental and numerical simulation results are consistent.This research shows that in the solar-blind UV band,the range of reflectance oscillations with oil film thickness is smaller,and oil films have higher discrimin ability from the water background.Therefore,using active solar-blind UV reflection spectroscopy to detect oil spills can reduce the interference of solar background radiation and provide the possibility for all-day and all-weather monitoring of oil spill targets.

关 键 词：日盲紫外 海水面油膜 反射光谱 油水反射对比度 

分 类 号：O433.4[机械工程—光学工程]