城市公园景观水体上覆水溶解性有机质荧光光谱特征  

Fluorescence Spectral Characteristics of Dissolved Organic Matter in Landscape Overlying Water of Urban Park

作　　者：史传奇 李艳 魏丹 陈曦[1] 李子为 SHI Chuan-qi;LI Yan;WEI Dan;CHEN Xi;LI Zi-wei(Harbin University,Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Cold Region Wetland Ecology and Environment Research,Harbin150086,China;Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Plant Nutriention and Resources Institute,Beijing 100097,China;Harbin Institute of Technology,Urban Planning and Design Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨学院,黑龙江省寒区湿地生态与环境研究重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]北京市农林科学院,植物营养与资源研究所,北京100097 [3]哈尔滨工业大学,城市规划设计研究院有限公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2025年第3期894-900,共7页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2023-XZ-38);中国与联合国开发计划署合作水资源管理项目(cpr/21/401)资助。

摘　　要：上覆水是水体与大气的交界面,其水质是公园景观水体环境质量评价的重要指标。本研究采集哈尔滨市8处城市公园景观水体上覆水,应用三维荧光光谱-平行因子分析方法,检测溶解性有机质(DOM)荧光光谱,分析DOM的来源和组成特征,以及荧光光谱指数、组分荧光强度与理化指标的相关性,为城市公园景观水体环境质量评价及污染防治提供参考依据。研究结果表明:DOM荧光指数(FI)范围为1.71~1.98,平均值为1.85,其来源兼具外生源与自生源特征;生物指数(BI)在0.97~1.34范围之间,平均值为1.09,新鲜度指数(β/α)范围为0.91~1.19,平均值为1.01,DOM组成的新生自生源特征性强;腐殖化指数(HI)在0.86~4.26范围内,平均值为2.43,腐殖化程度弱。水体样品DOM中共识别出5种荧光组分:类富里酸(紫外类富里酸组分C1、可见类富里酸组分C2)、类蛋白质(类色氨酸组分C3、类酪氨酸组分C5)和类胡敏酸组分(C4),类腐殖质(C1、C2和C4)相对浓度高于类蛋白质。3种类腐殖质间具有显著(p<0.01)正相关性,且均与C5成显著(p<0.01)负相关,而C3与其余荧光组分间相关性均不显著(p>0.05)。各理化指标对FI的影响均不显著(p>0.05)。pH与BI、β/α(p<0.01)的正相关性及与HI(p<0.05)的负相关性均为显著。DO与C3负相关性及与C5正相关性均为显著(p<0.05)。类腐殖质与TOC、TP(p<0.01)及COD(p<0.05)均具有显著正相关关系,类富里酸与TN亦成显著(p<0.05)正相关性,而C5与TOC、TP均成显著(p<0.01)负相关。基于上覆水理化指标和DOM荧光光谱指数、组分荧光强度的主成分分析结果可知,相比于荧光光谱指数,类腐殖质及C5的荧光强度可以更好地区分不同水体样品,用于评价景观水体环境质量。The overlying water is the interface between water and the atmosphere,and its water quality is an important indicator for evaluating the environmental quality of park landscape water.This study collected landscape overlying water samples from eight parks in Harbin urban and applied the three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy parallel factor analysis method to detect the fluorescence spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter(DOM).DOM s source and composition characteristics and the correlation between fluorescence spectral index,component fluorescence intensity,and physicochemical index were analyzed.This provides a reference basis for the environmental quality evaluation and pollution prevention of urban park landscape water.The study results showed that DOM s fluorescence index(FI)ranged from 1.71 to 1.98,with an average value of 1.185,suggesting that the source of DOM has both exogenous and endogenous characteristics.The biological index(BI)ranged from 0.97 to 1.34,averaging 1.09;the freshness index(β/α)ranged from 0.91 to 1.19,averaging 1.101,indicating strong characteristics of the recently endogenous composed of DOM.The humification index(HI)ranged from 0.186 to 4.126,averaging at 2.143,indicating a low degree of humification.Five kinds of DOM fluorescent components were identified in the water samples:fulvic-like acid substance(Ultraviolet fulvic-like acid component C1,visible fulvic-like acid component C2),protein-like substance(tryptophan-like component C3,tyrosine-like component C5),and humic-like acid component(C4).The relative concentration of humic-like substances(C1,C2,and C4)was higher than that of protein-like substances.There was a significant(p<0.01)positive correlation among the three kinds of humic-like substances,and all were significantly(p<0.01)negatively correlated with C5.However,the correlation between C3 and other fluorescent components was insignificant(p>0.05).Various physicochemical indices impact on FI was insignificant(p>0.05).The value of pH and BI,β/α(p<0.01)exh

关 键 词：三维荧光光谱 景观水体 溶解性有机质 光谱指数 荧光强度 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程]