基于岩爆防治的鄂西磷矿脆性直接顶板巷道断面形状优化  

Optimization on Roadway Section Shape of Phosphate Mine with Brittle Direct Roof in Western Hubei Based on Prevention and Control of Rock Burst

作　　者：周俊宝 王其虎[1,2] 姚囝 骆效兵[3] 伍蒙 张震 凌济锁 黄兆云 ZHOU Junbao;WANG Qihu;YAO Nan;LUO Xiaobing;WU Meng;ZHANG Zhen;LING Jisuo;HUANG Zhaoyun(College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430081,China;Hubei Provincial Industrial Safety Engineering Technology Research Center,Wuhan,Hubei 43008l,China;Hubei Provincial Emergency Rescue Center,Wuhan,Hubei 43008l,China;Hubei Dongsheng Chemical Group Dongda Mining Corporation,Yichang,Hubei 44421l,China;Hubei Jingshen Security Technology Corporation,Yichang,Hubei 443002,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430081 [2]湖北省工业安全工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430081 [3]湖北省应急救援中心,湖北武汉430081 [4]湖北东圣化工集团东达矿业有限公司,湖北宜昌市444211 [5]湖北景深安全技术有限公司,湖北宜昌市443002

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2025年第2期49-56,共8页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BCA082);湖北省应急管理厅重点项目(SJZX20211004)。

摘　　要：岩爆是困扰鄂西地区磷矿安全开采的主要技术难题,为了降低鄂西磷矿脆性直接顶板岩爆风险,以晒旗河磷矿+80 m工作面为研究对象,分析了不同巷道断面形状在脆性直接顶板矿山的适用性,并提出了利于岩爆防治的倒梯形断面方案;采用数值模拟手段研究不同断面形状下围岩应力、弹性能和位移分布特征,优选出最优断面形状,并优化设计出相对安全经济的断面参数,最后在工作面现场进行工程验证。结果表明:对于脆性直接顶板矿山,矩形断面顶板应力集中最显著;正梯形断面顶板沉降较大,而倒梯形断面顶板应力分布相对均匀,其顶板应力和弹性能得到了明显释放,从而降低了岩爆风险,故倒梯形断面为最优断面形状,其最优断面参数上底宽为3.4 m,下底宽为3 m,高度为4 m;巷道断面优化后的工作面现场直接顶板岩爆现象明显减弱,为鄂西地区类似矿山巷道岩爆防治提供了成功范例。Rock burst is the main technical challenge that troubles the safe mining of phosphate mines in the western Hubei region.In order to reduce the rock burst risk of brittle direct roof of phosphate mines in western Hubei,taking the+80 m working face of Shaqihe Phosphate Mine as the research object,the applicability of different roadway section shapes in mines with brittle direct roof was analyzed,and an inverted trapezoidal section scheme conducive to prevention and control of rock burst was proposed.Numerical simulation method was used to study the distribution characteristics of stress,elastic energy,and displacement of surrounding rocks under different section shapes,the optimal section shape was selected,and the design of relatively safe and economical section parameters were optimized.Finally,engineering verification was carried out on the working face site.The results show that for mines with brittle direct roof,the stress concentration of the roof with rectangular section is the most significant,the roof subsidence of the positive trapezoidal section is large,while the roof stress distribution of the inverted trapezoidal section is relatively uniform,and the roof stress and elastic energy are obviously released,thus reducing the risk of rock burst.Thus,the inverted trapezoidal section is the optimal section shape,with corresponding parameters of 3.4 meters for the upper bottom,3 meters for the lower bottom,and 4 meters for the height.After optimizing the roadway section,the rock burst of direct roof on the working face has been significantly reduced.The research results can provide a successful example for the prevention and control of rock burst in similar mine roadways in western Hubei.

关 键 词：磷矿 脆性顶板 岩爆防治 巷道断面优化模拟 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]