保护层工作面过硬岩断层超深孔松动预裂爆破技术研究  

Study on Deep Hole Loosening and Pre-Splitting Blasting Technology for Hard Rock Fault in Protective Layer Working Face

作　　者：杨战标 申成杨[2] 段守德 王旭锋 王袭冰[2] 王鑫 谢昌雄 YANG Zhanbiao;SHEN Chengyang;DUAN Shoude;WANG Xufeng;WANG Xibing;WANG Xin;XIE Changxiong(Pingdingshan Tianan Coal Mining Co.,Ltd.,Pingdingshan,Henan 467000,China;School of Mines,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China;Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Mine Earthquake Monitoring and Prevention,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221116,China;State Key Laboratory of Coking Coal Resources Green Exploitation,China Pingmei Shenma Group Co.,Ltd.,Pingdingshan,Henan 467000,China)

机构地区：[1]平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司,河南平顶山市467000 [2]中国矿业大学矿业工程学院,江苏徐州市221116 [3]中国矿业大学江苏省矿山地震监测工程实验室,江苏徐州市221116 [4]中国平煤神马控股集团有限公司炼焦煤资源绿色开发全国重点实验室,河南平顶山市467000

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2025年第2期97-105,共9页Mining Research and Development

摘　　要：保护层开采过程中经常会遇到硬岩断层、硬结核等,致使采煤机在直接推采时截割困难、截割部件磨损严重,严重制约了工作面推进速度。为解决上述问题,以平煤十三矿己15-17-13070软岩保护层工作面为工程背景,明确了超深孔松动预裂爆破机理,计算得出了断层硬岩裂隙区半径范围为0.7~1.2 m,通过数值模拟方法研究孔径和孔间距对爆破效果的影响,确定了孔径和孔间距分别为94 mm和2.0 m,提出了可实现推进、爆破平行作业的“两巷超前钻孔+工作面超深孔松动预裂爆破”技术方案并进行了工业试验。试验结果表明,采用该技术方案后,断层硬岩破碎充分,采煤机截齿磨损最大降低约40%,工作面推进速度增加约25%,爆破预裂效果显著。In the process of protective layer mining,hard rock faults and hard nodules are often encountered,which causes that it is difficult for the shearer to cut,the cutting parts are seriously worn,and the advancing speed of the working face is seriously restricted.In order to solve the above problems,based on the engineering background of Ji_(15-17)-13070 soft rock protective layer working face in Pingmei Thirteenth Mine,the mechanism of ultra-deep hole loose pre-splitting blasting was clarified.The radius range of the fracture zone in the fault hard rock was calculated to be 0.7-1.2 m.The influences of aperture and hole spacing on blasting effect were studied by numerical simulation method,and aperture and hole spacing were determined to be 94 mm and 2.0 m respectively.The technical scheme of“advance drilling in two roadways+ultra-deep hole loose pre-splitting blasting in working face”,which can realize the parallel operation of propulsion and blasting,was put forward and the industrial test was carried out.The test results show that after adopting the technical scheme,the fault hard rock is fully broken,the wear of the shearer pick is reduced by more than 40%,the advancing speed of the working face is increased by about 25%,and the blasting pre-splitting effect is remarkable.

关 键 词：保护层开采 硬岩断层 深孔爆破 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]