重金属镉对矿渣微晶玻璃微观结构与理化性能的影响  

Effect of Heavy Metal Cadmium on the Microstructure and Physicochemical Properties of Slag Glass-Ceramics

作　　者：马瑞 崔秀涛 吴楠楠 欧阳顺利 MA Rui;CUI Xiutao;WU Nannan;OUYANG Shunli(Basic Teaching Department,Guangzhou Maritime College,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510725,China;School of Material and Metallurgy,Inner Mongolia University of Science&.Technology,Baotou,Inner Mongolia O14010,China)

机构地区：[1]广州航海学院基础教学部,广东广州510725 [2]内蒙古科技大学材料与冶金学院,内蒙古包头市014010

出　　处：《矿业研究与开发》2025年第2期268-278,共11页Mining Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区基金项目(11964025,11564031);内蒙古自治区重大基础研究开放课题(0406091701)。

摘　　要：为了将矿渣资源化利用和无害化处理,以尾矿和粉煤灰等固体废弃物为主要原料,通过添加不同含量的镉,利用微晶玻璃制备技术成功制备出了CaO-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)(CMAS)系矿渣微晶玻璃,通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)、XRD、SEM和拉曼光谱等手段对添加不同含量镉的微晶玻璃的析晶特性进行了表征,分析了不同镉含量微晶玻璃的体积密度、抗折强度、热膨胀系数、维氏硬度、毒性浸出浓度。结果表明,随着镉含量的增加,析晶峰的半高宽逐渐减小,促进了微晶玻璃的析晶,但是主晶相并未发生明显改变;微晶玻璃内相关元素因为镉的加入发生了解聚效应,改变了玻璃的微观结构;微晶玻璃的抗折强度、维氏硬度和体积密度随镉渣含量的增加呈增大趋势;毒性浸出试验的结果表明,镉的浸出浓度最高为0.03037 mg/L,远低于国家规定的危险废物最高浸出浓度。In order to make slag resource utilization and harmless treatment,CaO-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)(CMAS)slag glass-ceramics were successfully prepared with different additions of cadmium using glass-ceramics preparation technology with solid wastes such as tailings and fly ash as main raw materials.The crystallization characteristics of glass-ceramics with different additions of cadmium were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),XRD,SEM,and Raman spectrum.At the same time,the bulk density,flexural strength,thermal expansion coefficient,Vickers hardness and toxicity leaching concentration of glass-ceramics with different additions of cadmium were analyzed.The results show that with the increase of cadmium addition,the full width at half maximum of the crystallization peak gradually decreases,which promotes the crystallization of the glass-ceramics,but the main crystal phase does not change significantly.The related elements in the glass-ceramics are depolymerized due to the addition of cadmium,which changes the microstructure of the glass-ceramics.In addition,the flexural strength,Vickers hardness and bulk density of the glass-ceramics increase with the increase of cadmium slag addition.The results of toxicity leaching test indicate that the maximum leaching concentration of cadmium is 0.03037 mg/L,which is far lower than the maximum leaching concentration of hazardous waste specified by the state.

关 键 词：矿渣微晶玻璃 镉渣含量 固化 微观结构 理化性能 

分 类 号：TQ171[化学工程—玻璃工业]