CRISPR/Cas9系统在家畜生殖细胞中的研究进展  

Research Progress of CRISPR/Cas9 System in Livestock Germ Cells

作　　者：解雅茹 金昊延 孔辰 蔡蓓 张令锴 XIE Yaru;JIN Haoyan;KONG Chen;CAI Bei;ZHANG Lingkai(Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular and Cellular Breeding of Ningxia Hui Automous Region,College of Animal Science and Technology,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学动物科技学院,宁夏回族自治区反刍动物分子与细胞育种重点实验室,银川750021

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2025年第2期479-491,共13页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：宁夏大学博士科研启动经费(030700002306);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2023BCF01006)。

摘　　要：生殖细胞是生命体遗传物质传递的主要载体,在家畜育种过程中发挥重要作用。人们对畜产品需求的不断增加促进了精确育种技术的发展。基因编辑技术显著提升基因强化和疾病治疗成效,这一进展凸显了将该技术应用于家畜生殖细胞研究的重要性。与其他基因编辑技术相比,CRISPR/Cas9系统和CRISPR/Cas12系统的研究较为深入。CRISPR/Cas技术已在多项研究中取得突破性进展,被视为一种极有潜力的育种改良手段。本文主要针对两种CRISPR/Cas系统及CRISPR/Cas9系统在家畜生殖细胞中的应用进行综述,对家畜生殖细胞形成过程进行简要概括,阐述CRISPR/Cas9系统和CRISPR/Cas12系统的原理、构成和衍生技术,介绍CRISPR/Cas9系统在家畜生殖细胞中的应用,对基因编辑技术广泛应用于家畜生殖细胞进行展望,旨在为未来畜牧基因编辑领域的研究提供参考。Germ cells are crucial for transmitting genetic material in living organisms and are vital for livestock breeding.The increasing demand for livestock products promoted the development of precision breeding techniques.Recent advancements in gene-editing have significantly improved the effect of genetic enhancement and disease treatment,highlighting the importance of integrating this technology into livestock germ cell research.The research on CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/Cas12 has gained significant prominence compared to other gene-editing technologies.CRISPR/Cas has led to breakthroughs in various applications,and these systems are increasingly recognized as potential methods for species improvement.In this review,two types of CRISPR/Cas systems and CRISPR/Cas9 applications in livestock germ cells were analyzed.A concise overview of the developmental processes of germ cells in livestock was provided,elucidating the principles,composition,and derivative techniques associated with CRISPR/Cas9 and CRISPR/Cas12,and the implementation of CRISPR/Cas9 systems in livestock germ cells was discussed.Furthermore,the current review anticipate the extensive application of gene-editing techniques in this domain,aiming to offer a valuable reference for future research in the field of gene editing in livestock.

关 键 词：基因编辑技术 CRISPR/Cas9系统 CRISPR/Cas12系统 家畜生殖细胞 

分 类 号：S814[农业科学—畜牧学]