铝的免疫毒性研究进展  

Research Progress on Aluminum-induced Immunotoxicity

作　　者：陈更旭 徐金凤 张宏玲 王奔 尹柏双 朱言柱 CHEN Gengxu;XU Jinfeng;ZHANG Hongling;WANG Ben;YIN Baishuang;ZHU Yanzhu(Animal Science and Technology College,Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology University,Jilin 132101,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业科技学院动物科技学院,吉林132101

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2025年第2期534-547,共14页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(YDZJ202201ZYTS634)。

摘　　要：铝是地球上蕴藏量最多的金属元素之一,由于其优良特性被广泛应用于生产和生活。环境中铝蓄积逐渐增加,铝污染已经成为人类社会面临的重大问题之一。长期慢性的铝摄入所致的体内铝蓄积可损伤心、肝、脾、肾、脑等多个器官。其中免疫毒性是铝暴露最敏感的健康效应之一,已引起广泛关注。本文综述了铝暴露引起脾脏、法氏囊、骨髓、肠黏膜、淋巴和胸腺毒性作用,并总结了铝引起免疫毒性的机制。蓄积在动物体内的铝可损伤免疫器官,引起免疫细胞凋亡,诱发氧化应激,诱导炎性因子的表达,扰乱微量元素代谢,抑制免疫功能。铝暴露引起的病理损伤和氧化应激是铝诱导免疫抑制的重要病理机制,但其免疫毒性的分子机制仍不系统,需进一步探索。Aluminum(Al)is one of the most abundant metallic elements on Earth and is widely used in production and life due to its excellent properties.The accumulation of Al in the environment is gradually increasing,and Al pollution has become one of the major problems facing human society.The accumulation of Al in the body,resulting from long-term chronic Al intake,can damage many organs such as the heart,liver,spleen,kidney,and brain.Immunotoxicity is one of the most sensitive health effects of Al exposure and has attracted widespread attention.This paper reviews the toxic effects of Al exposure on the spleen,bursa of Fabricius,bone marrow,intestinal mucosa,lymph,and thymus,and summarizes the mechanisms of Al-induced immunotoxicity.The accumulation of Al in animals can damage immune organs,lead to apoptosis of immune cells,induce oxidative stress,trigger the expression of inflammatory factors,disrupt the metabolism of micronutrients,and suppress immune function.Pathological damage and oxidative stress induced by Al exposure are important pathological mechanisms of Al-induced immunosuppression,yet the molecular mechanisms of immunotoxicity are not yet systematically understood and require further exploration.

关 键 词：铝毒性 脾脏 法氏囊 病理损伤 氧化应激 

分 类 号：S859.8[农业科学—临床兽医学]