一维碳化硅纳米材料的制备及其电磁波吸收应用进展  

Progress in Preparation and Electromagnetic WaveAbsorption Application of One-DimensionalSilicon Carbide Materials

作　　者：邓小妹 蒋肖 黄俊 曾小军 DENG Xiaomei;JIANG Xiao;HUANG Jun;ZENG Xiaojun(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Advanced Ceramic Materials Research Institute,Jingdezhen Ceramic University,Jingdezhen 333403,China)

机构地区：[1]景德镇陶瓷大学材料科学与工程学院,先进陶瓷材料研究所,江西景德镇333403

出　　处：《聊城大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期232-250,共19页Journal of Liaocheng University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金项目(20224BAB214021);景德镇市陶瓷产业重大产学研协同攻关和成果转化项目(2023ZDGG002)资助。

摘　　要：信息安全和目标隐身的迫切需求使得电磁波吸收材料的研究成为热点之一。具有高纵横比的一维碳化硅(SiC)纳米材料因其良好的介电损耗和耐高温性能,被广泛应用于高温电磁波吸收领域。本文综述了一维SiC材料的制备方法(静电纺丝法、模板法、水热法、化学气相沉积法),阐述关键工艺参数对材料组分和结构的影响规律,重点关注SiC复合材料(一维SiC复合碳基材料、磁性材料以及MXene材料)的组分、结构与其电磁参数之间关联性,从而阐明一维SiC材料的电磁波吸收机制和应用。最后,提出了一维SiC材料在电磁波吸收领域的应用前景与挑战。The urgent need for information security and target stealth has made the research on electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbing materials one of the research hotspots.One-dimensional silicon carbide(SiC)nanomaterials with high aspect ratios are widely used in the field of high-temperature electromagnetic wave absorption due to their excellent dielectric loss and high temperature resistance.In this work,the preparation methods of one-dimensional SiC materials(electrospinning,template,hydrothermal,and chemical vapor deposition)are reviewed,and the influences of key process parameters on the composition and structure of the materials are expounded.The correlation between the composition and structure of SiC composites(one-dimensional SiC composite carbon-based materials,magnetic materials,and MXene materials)and their electromagnetic parameters was focused,so as to elucidate the mechanism and application of one-dimensional SiC materials in the field of EMW absorption.Finally,the application prospects and challenges of one-dimensional SiC materials in the field of EMW are proposed.

关 键 词：一维碳化硅 阻抗匹配 介电损耗 磁损耗 电磁波吸收 

分 类 号：TB383.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TQ163.4[化学工程—高温制品工业]