激光清洗高强焊丝表面的工艺参数优化研究  

Study on the Optimization of Process Parameters of Laser-cleaning High Strength Welding Wire Surface

作　　者：王冰 徐海军 程战 关常勇 吴元科 龙伟民 钟素娟 WANG Bing;XU Haijun;CHENG Zhan;GUAN Changyong;WU Yuanke;LONG Weimin;ZHONG Sujuan(Ningbo Intelligent Machine Tool Research Institute Co.,Ltd.of China National Machinery Institute Group,Ningbo 315700,China;Shan Dong Silid Solder Co.,Ltd.,Feicheng 271600,China;China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450000,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Brazing Filler Metals&Technology,Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国机械总院集团宁波智能机床研究院有限公司,浙江宁波315700 [2]山东索力得焊材股份有限公司,山东肥城271600 [3]中铁工程装备集团有限公司,河南郑州450047 [4]中国机械总院集团郑州机械研究所有限公司新型钎焊材料与技术国家重点实验室,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《电焊机》2025年第2期58-69,共12页Electric Welding Machine

摘　　要：由于传统清洗技术处理高强度焊丝存在工作量大、污染严重等无法避免的问题,采用激光清洗技术对高强度焊丝表面进行清洁处理。研究了激光清洗次数、激光功率和扫描速度对清洗效果清洁率,表面粗糙度以及元素分布的影响。研究结果表明,当激光清洗次数N=6时,焊丝表面存在未清洗掉的锈蚀层;N=10时,锈蚀层基本清除干净,但热输入量过大,基材在激光作用下产生了氧化烧蚀,使得表面呈现浅褐色;N=8时,锈蚀层基本清除,且表面呈现亮白色金属光泽。表面粗糙度受到扫描速度和激光功率的影响,粗糙度的大小与激光功率成正比,与扫描速度成反比,当激光功率P=12 W时,扫描速度v=1200 mm/s时,其粗糙度最小,Ra=2.07;当激光功率P=20 W,扫描速度v=800 mm/s时,其粗糙度最大,Ra=6.64。通过对比激光清洗前后氧元素的含量,可以得到当激光功率P=16 W,扫描速度v=1200 mm/s,其氧含量最低为3.9 wt.%,相比于清洗前降低了84.08%。综合除锈率,粗糙度以及元素含量这三个指标,选取激光清洗次数N=8,激光功率P=16 W,扫描速度v=1200 mm/s;作为最优工艺参数,在该工艺参数下,除锈率为95.8%;表面粗糙度Ra=2.52,氧元素含量3.9 wt.%。Due to the traditional cleaning technology to deal with high-strength welding wire,there are unavoidable problems such as heavy workload and serious pollution.In this paper,laser-cleaning technology is used to clean the surface of high-strength welding wire.The effects of cleaning-times,laser power and scanning speed on cleaning rate,surface roughness and element distribution were studied.The results show that when the cleaning-times N equals 6,there is an uncleaned rust layer on the surface of the welding wire;when N equals 10,the corrosion layer is basically cleared,but the heat input is too large,and the substrate is oxidized and ablated under the action of laser,so that the surface is light brown.When N equals 8,the corrosion layer is basically cleared,and the surface is bright white metal luster.The surface roughness is affected by the scanning speed and laser power.The roughness is proportional to the laser power and inversely proportional to the scanning speed.When the laser power P equals 12 W and the scanning speed v equals 1200 mm/s,the roughness is the smallest,Ra equals 2.07.When the laser power P equals 20 W and the scanning speed v equals 800 mm/s,the roughness is the largest,Ra=6.64.By comparing the content of oxygen before and after laser cleaning,it can be obtained that when the laser power P equals 16 W and the scanning speed v equals 1200 mm/s,the lowest oxygen content is 3.9 wt.%,which is 84.08% lower than that before cleaning.Based on the three indexes of rust removal rate,roughness and element content,the laser cleaning-times N=8,laser power P=16W,scanning speed v=1200 mm/s were selected as the optimal process pa‐rameters.Under this process parameters,the rust removal rate is 95.8%;the surface roughness is Ra=2.52,the oxygen con‐tent is 3.9 wt.%.

关 键 词：激光清洗 焊丝 粗糙度 除锈率 

分 类 号：TG422.3[金属学及工艺—焊接]