伊斯兰教中国化的建筑艺术——基本问题与意义辨析  

Adapt Islamic Architectural Art to Chinese Conditions--Basic Issues and Significance Analysis

作　　者：李林[1] 林涛 LI Lin;LIN Tao

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院,北京100732 [2]青海师范大学,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《青海民族研究》2024年第4期42-52,共11页Qinghai Journal of Ethnology

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“伊斯兰教中国化的历史进程研究”(批准号:23&ZD210);国家社科基金艺术类青年项目“河湟地区伊斯兰建筑艺术研究”(批准号:20CG185);国家社科基金重大项目“中华传统伊斯兰建筑遗产文化档案建设与本土化发展研究”(批准号:20&ZD209)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：在伊斯兰教中国化的历史进程中,建筑艺术已出现一系列变化。在表现方法上,强调以方代圆、注重韵律、明暗呼应、内外造境等;在建筑样式上,通过中国伊斯兰教建筑特有的山门、礼拜殿、拱北、八卦亭等风格样式来表现主次关系,借以彰显对超越维度的追求;在装饰纹样上,吉庆图案替代几何图案,采用中国特有的匾额、楹联形式,以经汉文字作为文字装饰。鉴于上述变化,在解读中国传统式伊斯兰教建筑艺术的意义时,中国的意象论优于西方的象征论。In the historical process of adapting Islam to Chinese conditions,Islamic architecture art in China has experienced a rich tapestry of evolution,including the replacement of circular forms with square forms in geometric designs,focusing on lingering charm instead of rhythm,the corresponding of light and shadow,and creating integrated internal and external environments.In terms of architectural styles,the distinctive characteristics of Chinese Islamic architecture such as the Gate,the Hall of Worship,Gongbei,and Eight Diagrams Pavilions exhibit a hierarchical structure,symbolizing a pursuit of transcendence.Regarding decorative patterns,auspicious and celebratory motifs have supplanted geometric designs,incorporating distinctively Chinese elements such as inscribed plaques and couplets,with Chinese characters and scriptural characters.When elucidating the significance of Chinese Islamic architectural art,the theory of imagery holds precedence over the Western theory of symbolism.

关 键 词：伊斯兰教 中国化 建筑艺术 

分 类 号：C95[社会学—民族学]