中国知识溢出本地化的行政边界效应研究  

Research on the Administrative Boundary Effect of Knowledge Spillover Localization in China

作　　者：陈志远 于皓 张杰[3] CHEN Zhi-yuan;YU Hao;ZHANG Jie(Business School,Renmin University of China;School of Applied Economics,Renmin University of China;School of Economics,Renmin University of China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学商学院 [2]中国人民大学应用经济学院 [3]中国人民大学经济学院

出　　处：《中国工业经济》2025年第1期81-99,共19页China Industrial Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目“专利质量的测算与变化机制分析:基于中国专利文本大数据的研究”(批准号72103192)。

摘　　要：知识溢出对一个国家或地区的创新能力具有关键影响,已演化成为科技创新能否支撑经济可持续增长的必要条件。本文在梳理中国知识溢出本地化特征的基础上,利用中国独特的大样本发明专利引用数据,通过专利文本匹配方法构造对照组,精确识别并有效测算了中国知识溢出本地化背后的行政边界效应。研究表明,中国知识溢出受到地区行政边界效应的限制,且知识溢出行政边界的强度呈现出“省际层面>市际层面>县际层面”的层次特征。从整体看,省际层面的知识溢出水平比省内层面低20%。本文基于包含行政边界变量的专利引用非线性概率模型,提出通过反事实专利引用概率的变化来计算中国省际层面知识溢出的行政边界效应,并构建了省份—年份层面的知识溢出行政边界指数。有效性检验结果表明,本文测算的省际知识溢出行政边界效应指数与贸易壁垒、市场分割、要素市场扭曲等关键指标高度相关,从而验证了本文所测算的知识溢出行政边界效应指数具有合理性和可靠性。进一步分析发现,2002—2018年,中国省际知识溢出呈现出下降与增长的波动式交替变化态势,由此揭示出促进以知识和技术为主的全国统一大市场建设所面临的各种复杂机制体制性障碍。本文研究为推动中国通过体制改革消除地区间知识扩散的行政障碍、充分发挥全国统一大市场对自主创新的促进作用提供了参考。This study systematically examines the administrative boundary effects on the knowledge spillover localization in China,to accurately identify and quantify their impact on crossregional knowledge flows and high-quality economic development.Knowledge spillovers are vital for enhancing productivity and fostering sustainable economic growth.However,administrative boundary effects can significantly impede knowledge diffusion,undermining the role of technological innovation in supporting overall economic progress.Understanding the influence of administrative boundaries on knowledge spillovers is critical for bolstering regional innovation capacity and achieving high-quality development.To address limitations in existing research related to measurement techniques and econometric frameworks,this study investigates the localized characteristics of knowledge spillovers in China.Leveraging large-scale patent citation data,this study employs a patent text matching method to construct precise control groups,allowing for accurate identification and quantification of the administrative boundary effects underlying China’s knowledge spillovers.The findings reveal that administrative boundaries impose significant constraints on knowledge spillovers in China,with a hierarchical structure of effects:provincial level>city level>county level.Cross-provincial knowledge spillovers are,on average,20%lower than intra-provincial levels.Using a nonlinear patent citation probability model that incorporates administrative boundary variables,the study introduces a novel approach to calculating boundary effects based on counterfactual changes in patent citation probabilities.For the first time,it develops a provincial-year administrative boundary effect index for knowledge spillovers.Validation tests demonstrate strong correlations between this index and critical economic indicators such as trade barriers,market segmentation,and factor market distortions,highlighting its economic rationality.From 2002 to 2018,knowledge spillovers in China ex

关 键 词：知识溢出本地化 行政边界效应 文本匹配 全国统一大市场 

分 类 号：F260[经济管理—国民经济]