表面严重锈蚀Q345qD钢激光清洗技术研究  

Research on Laser Cleaning Technology for Severe Rusted Surface of Q345qD Steel

作　　者：葛海芳 郭志敏 张迪 范杰 Ge Haifang;Guo Zhimin;Zhang Di;Fan Jie(Suqian High-speed Railway Construction and Development Co.,Ltd.,Suqian 223899,China;China Construction Third Engineering Bureau Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430075,China;State Key Laboratory of Safety Durability and Healthy Operation of Long Span Bridges,JSTI Group Co.,Ltd.,Nanjing 210018,China)

机构地区：[1]宿迁市高速铁路建设发展有限公司,江苏宿迁223899 [2]中国建筑第三工程局有限公司,湖北武汉430075 [3]苏交科集团股份有限公司长大桥梁安全长寿与健康运维全国重点实验室,江苏南京210018

出　　处：《市政技术》2025年第2期35-44,52,共11页Journal of Municipal Technology

基　　金：宿迁市交通运输科技与成果转化项目(2022Y08)。

摘　　要：为研究脉冲激光清洗工艺参数对Q345qD钢严重锈蚀表面清洗效果的影响规律,提出了适用于严重锈蚀表面的激光清洗策略。采用脉冲激光器对Q345qD锈层试样开展清洗试验,确定了工艺参数对清洗效果的交互影响趋势,制定了清洗策略优化参数,并对结果进行了验证。研究结果表明,对于200μm厚的Q345qD锈层,Fe3O4致密氧化层的清除难度远高于以Fe2O3为主的混合物浮锈层,需要通过调节激光功率或扫描速度来加强清洗效果。扫描速度是影响激光清洗效果的最显著因素。在清洗过程中,若设置高能量密度和高搭接率的激光,则会在清洗锈层的同时损伤基材,导致基材表面重熔并发生二次氧化。对于200μm厚的Q345qD锈层,一次清洗策略最优参数为:扫描功率257.75 W,扫描速度500 mm/s,重复频率100 kHz;两次清洗策略最优参数为:扫描功率161.56 W,扫描速度721.97 mm/s,重复频率100 kHz。经检验,响应面优化结果良好,相比于一次清洗策略,两次清洗策略在保证清洗效果的同时,更加保险安全,避免了对基材的损伤。In order to study the influence of pulse laser cleaning process parameters on the cleaning effect of severely corroded surface of Q345qD steel,a laser cleaning strategy was proposed.The pulse laser was applied to clean Q345qD rust layer sample to determine the interactive influence trend of process parameters on cleaning effect,and formulate the optimization parameters,and verify the results.The results show that the removal of the FeO4 dense oxide layer is much difficult than that of the Fe20,based mixture floating rust layer for the 200μm thick Q345qD rust layer,which the cleaning effect needs to be enhanced by adjusting the laser power or scanning speed.Scanning speed is the most significant factor affecting the effect of laser cleaning.During the cleaning process,if the laser with high en-ergy density and high overlap rate is set,the substrate will be damaged during the cleaning,resulting in the remelting and secondary oxidation of the substrate surface.For the 200μm thick Q345qD rust layer,the optimal parameters of once cleaning strategy are:scanning power 257.75 W,scanning speed 500 mm/s,and repetition rate 100 kHz;The optimal parameters of the twice cleaning strategy are:scanning power 161.56 W,scanning speed 721.97 mm/s,and repetition rate 100 kHz.The response surface optimization result is verified to be good.Compared with the once cleaning strategy,the twice cleaning is not only effective,but also safer to avoid the damage to the substrate.

关 键 词：Q345qD钢 激光除锈 响应面分析 参数优化 

分 类 号：TG178[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]