地理学视角下中国少数民族人口迁移流动的研究进展与展望  

Progress and prospects of research on ethnic minority population migration in China from the perspective of geography

作　　者：曹广忠[1,2,3] 胡明峰 刘涛 CAO Guangzhong;HU Mingfeng;LIU Tao(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Center for Urban Future Research,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Key Laboratory of Territorial Spatial Planning and Development-Protection,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学未来城市研究中心,北京100871 [3]自然资源部国土空间规划与开发保护重点实验室,北京100871

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2025年第1期77-87,共11页Progress in Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42371231,42371201)。

摘　　要：快速城镇化背景下,中国少数民族人口迁移流动日渐活跃并受到不同学科的广泛关注。基于地理学视角对相关研究进行梳理,有助于增强学科间对话,深入理解中国少数民族人口迁移流动的时空过程、影响因素和效应。论文通过总结少数民族人口迁移相关理论,构建中国少数民族人口迁移流动的整体性分析框架。中国少数民族人口迁移流动的积极性不断提升且内部差异显著,总体呈现由乡进城、自西向东和省内迁移流动为主的格局特征;少数民族人口迁移流动的影响因素既有全国人口的共性,也体现了民族特征的作用;作为特定群体的地理空间行为过程,少数民族人口迁移流动通过城镇化促进了民族间的交往与融合,但其对民族地区发展的影响仍需更多的研究关注。未来研究的重点领域包括少数民族流动人口在城市体系中的选择和分布、民族特征在人口迁移决策中的作用机制、迁移流动对民族地区及个体的影响效应等。In the context of China's rapid urbanization,the migration of ethnic minority population is becoming increasingly more active,and has become an important component of China's migration groups,which has attracted widespread attention.This article reviewed the existing studies from the perspective of geography,which is conducive to enhancing interdisciplinary dialogue and expanding the research direction of ethnic minority population migration in China.Based on the reality of ethnic minority migration in China,this study incorporated the relevant migration theories on the basis of Chinese ethnicity theories,and established a macro-micro analytical framework.The study found that the migration of ethnic minority population has entered an active period,and the overall pattern of migration was from rural to urban areas,mainly within the provinces and across provinces from west to east;China's ethnic minority migration was also affected by factors that are common for the overall migration of the country,including ethnic minority languages,specific cultural practices,and co-ethnic network connections.Other factors related to ethnic culture also played an important role,but existing studies are weak in examining the mechanism of cultural factors;Ethnic minority migration in China not only promotes urbanization but also facilitates a wide range of interaction,communication,and integration among all ethnic groups,and its impact on urban-rural integration and the protection and revitalization of ethnic villages in ethnic minority areas requires the joint attention of different disciplines.Looking forward to future research,the study can be expanded in terms of the dispersal pattern and characteristics of change of ethnic minority migrants in urban scale hierarchies,the examination of the role of cultural factors in whether and how to migrate,and the effects of migration on the development of urban-rural transformation in ethnic minority areas and on ethnic minority individuals,respectively.

关 键 词：人口迁移流动 少数民族 民族地理学 城镇化 

分 类 号：C922[社会学—人口学] D633[政治法律—政治学]