运动习惯对中老年社区居民衰弱的影响研究  

A study of the effect of exercise habits on frailty in middle-aged and elderly community residents

作　　者：位露洁 杜敏[2] 刘晓峰 唐正萍 赵航 李剑萍 李敏 李平阳 陈薪竹 郑义雄 杜聪 陈小兵[7] Theou Olga 龙怀聪 Wei Lujie;Du Min;Liu Xiaofeng;Tang Zhengping;Zhao Hang;Li Jianping;Li Min;Li Pingyang;Chen Xinzhu;Zheng Yixiong;Du Cong;Chen Xiaobing;Theou Olga;Long Huaicong(Geriatric Intensive Care Unit,Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital,University of Electronic Science and Technology,Chengdu 610000,China;Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Nanbu County People's Hospital,Nanchong 637300,China;Department of Critical Care Medicine,Meishan People's Hospital,Meishan 620020,China;University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 610000,China;Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 610075,China;Hubei Minzu University,Enshi 445000,China;Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College,Nanchong 637100,China;School of Gerontology,Dalhousie University,Halifax,NS B3 H4R2,Canada)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学附属医院·四川省人民医院老年ICU,成都610000 [2]南部县人民医院呼吸与危重症医学科,南充637300 [3]眉山市人民医院重症医学科,眉山620020 [4]电子科技大学,成都610000 [5]成都中医药大学,成都610075 [6]湖北民族大学,恩施445000 [7]川北医学院附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科,南充637100 [8]达尔豪斯大学老年医学院,加拿大NS B3 H4R2

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2025年第2期201-207,共7页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：成都市科技局技术创新研发项目(2021-YF05-02142-SN);四川省干部保健课题(川干研2021-202)。

摘　　要：目的通过调查成都社区50岁以上居民的衰弱情况,探究衰弱相关危险因素并分析运动习惯对衰弱的影响。方法横断面研究。于2022年5月至2023年5月我们采用分层整体抽样方法选取成都市6个社区的50岁以上居民,并使用自制的衰弱调查问卷面对面收集相关信息。运动习惯为每周运动3次以上,每次超过30 min,截至调查之日保持至少5年的生活方式。根据多重缺陷累积模型构建衰弱指数(FI),将调查对象分为非衰弱(FI<0.1)、轻度衰弱(0.1≤FI<0.2)和中重度衰弱(FI≥0.2)。采用单因素和多因素logistic回归探索衰弱相关影响因素,比较各年龄阶段中有无运动习惯居民的衰弱分布和衰弱指数变化。结果共纳入被调查对象999人,其中男性483人(48.3%),女性516人(51.7%);年龄(65.70±9.61)岁。轻度衰弱和中重度衰弱的患病人数分别为346人(34.6%)和107人(10.7%)。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、性别、婚姻状况、教育程度、吸烟、饮酒以及运动习惯是衰弱相关的潜在影响因素(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,70~79岁和80~85岁分别是轻度衰弱和中重度衰弱的预测指标。女性是轻度衰弱(OR=1.196;95%CI:1.262~3.073)和中重度衰弱(OR=2.721;95%CI:1.282~5.774)的独立危险因素。无运动习惯分别是轻度衰弱(OR=1.588;95%CI:1.149~2.193)和中重度衰弱(OR=3.186;95%CI:1.819~5.583)的独立危险因素。60岁以上有无运动习惯居民的衰弱分布和衰弱指数变化均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论年龄和性别与衰弱的发生密切相关,运动习惯对衰弱的影响在60岁以后开始显现,故倡导中老年人养成运动习惯将有助于推动我国健康老龄进程。Objective To examine frailty in residents aged over 50 in the Chengdu community,investigate the risk factors linked to frailty,and analyze the impact of exercise habits on frailty.Methods This retrospective study utilized a stratified whole-sample method to select Chengdu residents aged over 50 from 6 communities.Relevant information was collected through face-to-face interactions using a self-developed frailty questionnaire between May 2022 and May 2023.Exercise habits were defined as engaging in physical activity more than three times a week for at least 30 minutes per session,consistently maintained for a minimum of five years prior to the survey.The frailty index(FI)was established based on the multiple-deficit cumulative model.Respondents were classified into categories of no frailty(FI<0.1),mild frailty(0.1≤FI<0.2),and moderate-severe frailty(FI≥0.2).Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the factors influencing frailty and to compare the prevalence and progression of frailty among individuals with and without exercise habits across different age groups.Results A total of 999 participants,comprising 483(48.3%)males and 516(51.7%)females,were enrolled in the study.The average age of the participants was 65.70±9.61 years.Among them,346(34.6%)were classified as having mild frailty,while 107(10.7%)had moderate-severe frailty.Univariate analysis revealed that age,gender,marital status,education,smoking,alcohol consumption,and exercise habits were potential factors influencing frailty(P<0.05).Multifactorial logistic regression models indicated that individuals aged 70-79 and 80-85 were predictors of mild and moderate-severe frailty,respectively.Being female was identified as an independent risk factor for both mild frailty(OR:1.196;95%CI:1.262-3.073)and moderate-severe frailty(OR:2.721;95%CI:1.282-5.774).Additionally,not engaging in regular exercise was associated with an increased risk of mild frailty(OR:1.588;95%CI:1.149-2.193)and moderate-severe frailty(OR:3

关 键 词：运动习惯 衰弱 年龄 性别 

分 类 号：R161.7[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]