美国拜登政府的“情报外交”政策评析  

An Analysis of America's "Intelligence Diplomacy" Policy Under the Biden Administration

作　　者：陈柏岑 舒可心 Chen Baicen;Shu Kexin(School of International Studies,Dalian University of Foreign Languages,Dalian 116000;Shanghai Institute of American Studies,Shanghai 200020)

机构地区：[1]大连外国语大学国际关系学院,大连116000 [2]上海市美国问题研究所,上海200020

出　　处：《情报杂志》2025年第3期26-34,127,共10页Journal of Intelligence

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目“大国博弈背景下的东北亚地缘安全与区域合作及其对中国东北地区的影响研究”(编号:JYTQN2023145)研究成果。

摘　　要：[研究目的]构建跨学科背景下的情报外交研究框架,分层次探究美国拜登政府在综合推进地缘战略、管理盟伴关系和护持霸权时使用情报外交工具的具体手段,总结其在当前大国博弈和地缘政治博弈中的深刻影响。[研究方法]运用系统分析法,根据施加对象的不同将拜登政府的情报外交政策划分为“盟伴管理手段”“运筹于灰色地带的政策工具”和“打击敌手的有利武器”三个板块,分别剖析其施展方式和政策影响。[研究结果/结论]美国政府正极尽所能利用一切政策工具服务于长期大国博弈,其采取了多重针对性措施将情报工作深度融合到了外交战略当中,利用情报调查和情报披露等手段在地缘危机中引导舆论走向,向竞争对手强加成本,预阻并拆解敌对联盟。其情报外交活动将对未来的地缘政治竞争态势造成深远影响。我国应保持警惕并对其密切跟踪,以此减少战略意外并避免自身政策库可能出现的不对称短板,从而构建和塑造对自身发展有利的外部环境。[Research purpose]This study aims to construct a framework for intelligence diplomacy under the interdisciplinary context,analyzing the specific methods employed by the Biden administration in advancing geopolitical strategies,managing alliance relationships,and maintaining hegemony through intelligence tools.[Research method]Using a systematic analysis approach,the research categorizes the administration's intelligence diplomacy policies into three segments:"alliance management tactics""policy tools operating in gray areas",and"weapons against adversaries",examining their implementation and policy impacts.[Research result/conclusion]The findings reveal that the U.S.government is maximizing its policy tools to serve long-term great power competition,intricately integrating intelligence efforts into diplomatic strategies.Through intelligence gathering and disclosure,it aims to shape public opinion during geopolitical crises,impose costs on competitors,and undermine hostile coalitions.These intelligence diplomacy activities are poised to have profound implications for future geopolitical dynamics.Therefore,it is crucial for China to remain vigilant and closely monitor these developments to mitigate strategic surprises and address potential asymmetric weaknesses in its policy framework,thereby fostering a favorable external environment for its development.

关 键 词：情报外交 情报合作 情报共享 情报武器化 美国对外战略 拜登政府 

分 类 号：D801[政治法律—政治学]