猴痘合并HIV/AIDS感染的临床诊治与药物研究进展  

Clinical Characteristics and Treatments of Monkeypox Infections in Patients with HIV/AIDS

作　　者：任秉青 范子博 张袁媛 张伟 陈志海 REN Bingqing;FAN Zibo;ZHANG Yuanyuan;ZHANG Wei;CHEN Zhihai(National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases,Center for Infectious Diseases,Beijing Ditan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100015,China)

机构地区：[1]传染病溯源预警与智能决策全国重点实验室,首都医科大学附属北京地坛医院感染性疾病中心,北京100015

出　　处：《中国药物警戒》2024年第12期1329-1336,共8页Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1203201);北京市高层次公共卫生技术人才建设项目培养计划(学科骨干-02-31)。

摘　　要：目的综述猴痘合并人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)/获得性免疫缺陷综合征(AIDS)感染的流行病学特征、临床表现、治疗现状及预防策略,以提高临床对该类患者的识别与诊治能力。方法针对合并HIV/AIDS感染的猴痘患者流行病学和临床特点,从药物作用机制、现阶段研究等对治疗猴痘药物及疫苗进行总结。结果2022年以来猴痘在全球多个国家和地区暴发流行,HIV感染者是猴痘病毒感染的高危人群,目前无特效疫苗和特异性治疗药物,一些小分子药物(特考韦瑞、西多福韦、布林西多福韦)、牛痘免疫球蛋白和疫苗(改良痘苗病毒安卡拉株、复制缺陷型天花疫苗)在研究和临床试验阶段表现出良好的抗病毒效力。结论猴痘合并HIV/AIDS感染的病例在全球疫情中占有较高比例,小分子抗病毒药物、免疫球蛋白和预防性疫苗接种可用于患者进行治疗。Objective To review the epidemiological features,clinical manifestations,treatments,and prevention strategies of monkeypox infections in patients co-infected with HIV/AIDS in order to enhance the ability of the medical staff to identify and treat such patients.Methods The epidemiological and clinical features of patients with HIV/AIDS co-infection with monkeypox are outlined.The drugs and vaccines currently used are summarized in terms of action mechanisms.Results Since 2022,monkeypox has erupted in multiple countries and regions globally,and HIVinfected individuals are at high risk of monkeypox virus infection.Currently,there are no effective vaccines or specific medications for monkeypox.Some small molecule drugs(tecovirimat,cidofovir and brincidofovi),immunoglobulins(VIG),and vaccines(MVA,MVA-BN)are showing promising antiviral effects in research and clinical trials.Conclusion Cases of monkeypox co-infection with HIV account for a high proportion of global outbreaks.Small molecule antiviral drugs,immunoglobulin,and proactive vaccination can serve as powerful weapons in controlling the outbreak.

关 键 词：猴痘 猴痘病毒 男男性行为者 人类免疫缺陷病毒 获得性免疫缺陷综合征(艾滋病) 小分子药物 牛痘免疫球蛋白 

分 类 号：R994.11[医药卫生—毒理学] R743[医药卫生—药学]