生物炭-过氧化尿素对酚酸胁迫下广藿香扦插苗生长及生理生化指标的影响  

Effect of Biochar-Urea Peroxide on the Growth and Physiological-biochemical Indicators of Patchouli Cuttings under Phenolic Acid Stress

作　　者：韦秋芳 梁健仪 黄继川 李珠娴 钟文亮 涂玉婷 WEI Qiufang;LIANG Jianyi;HUANG Jichuan;LI Zhuxian;ZHONG Wenliang;TU Yuting(Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling and Farmland Conservation/Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer in South Region,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangzhou 510640,China;College of Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所/广东省养分资源循环利用与耕地保育重点实验室/农业农村部南方植物营养与肥料重点实验室,广东广州510640 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2024年第12期120-130,共11页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42177337);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2022A1515010753);“十四五”广东省农业科技创新十大主攻方向“揭榜挂帅”项目(2022SDZG09);广东省农业科学院青年科技人才培养计划项目(R2023PY-QN004)。

摘　　要：【目的】缓解土壤中酚酸对广藿香(Pogostemon cablin)的化感效应,并探究生物炭-过氧化尿素复合颗粒对酚酸胁迫下广藿香扦插苗农艺性状及生理生化指标的影响,为中药材连作土壤调理剂的研发提供参考依据。【方法】采用盆栽试验,共设置常规栽培(CK)、酚酸胁迫处理(PhA)、酚酸+生物炭-过氧化尿素复合颗粒(PhA+BC-UP)、酚酸+生物炭颗粒(PhA+BC)、酚酸+过氧化尿素颗粒(PhA+UP)等5个处理。在广藿香扦插苗移栽后30 d,测定植株农艺性状、根系表型、根系活力、叶片抗氧化酶等15个指标以及根际土壤中残余总酚酸含量,并比较各处理间的差异。【结果】与PhA处理相比,PhA+BC-UP处理的广藿香苗地上部生物量和株高分别增加28.8%和21.4%;根长、根表面积、根体积、根尖数、分枝数及根交叉数的增幅介于20.1%~70.6%;根系活力提高23.6%,丙二醛(MDA)含量降低33.6%。与CK相比,PhA处理显著抑制广藿香叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,同时诱导过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性上升。相较于PhA处理,PhA+BC-UP处理对叶片抗氧化酶活性表现出相反的调控作用。与单独施用生物炭或过氧化尿素颗粒相比,生物炭-过氧化尿素复合颗粒对酚酸胁迫下广藿香扦插苗的生长指标表现出更显著的促进效果,在地上与地下部鲜质量、株高、根长等生长指标上的增幅均分别超过8.3%和15.9%;根系活力分别提高18.2%和41.2%;而MDA含量则分别降低14.9%和95.8%。【结论】生物炭-过氧化尿素复合颗粒能有效降低土壤中酚酸含量,从而减轻酚酸对广藿香扦插苗的化感胁迫,促进根系形态发育,调节植株抗氧化酶活性,进而促进广藿香的生长。【Objective】The study was carried out to alleviate the allelopathic effects of phenolic acids in soil on patchouli(Pogostemon cablin)and to investigate the impact of biochar-urea peroxide composite granules on the agronomic traits and physiological-biochemical indicators of patchouli cuttings under phenolic acid stress,with an aim to provide a reference for the research and development of soil conditioners for the continuous cropping of Chinese medicinal herbs【.Method】A pot experiment was conducted with five treatments:conventional cultivation(CK),phenolic acid stress(PhA),phenolic acid stress with biochar-urea peroxide composite particles(PhA+BC-UP),phenolic acid stress with biochar granules(PhA+BC),and phenolic acid stress with urea peroxide granules(PhA+UP),respectively.After transplanting the patchouli cuttings for 30 days,15 indicators were measured,including agronomic traits,root phenotypes,root activity,and leaf antioxidant enzymes,etc.Additionally,the residual total phenolic acid content in rhizosphere soil was determined,and the differences among different treatments were compared.【Result】Compared with the PhA treatment,the PhA+BC-UP treatment resulted in a 28.8%increase in the aboveground biomass and a 21.4%increase in the height of patchouli seedlings,the increases in root length,root surface area,root volume,root tip number,branch number,and root crossing number ranged from 20.1%to 70.6%,and the root vitality was improved by 23.6%,while the MDA content decreased by 33.6%.Compared with CK,the PhA treatment significantly inhibited the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD)in patchouli leaves,while simultaneously inducing increases in the activities of peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT).In contrast to the PhA treatment,the PhA+BC-UP treatment exhibited an opposite regulatory effect on the leaf antioxidant enzyme activity.Furthermore,compared with the individual application of biochar or urea peroxide granules,the biochar-urea peroxide composite granules showed a better regulatory effect on the gr

关 键 词：广藿香 酚酸 生物炭 过氧化尿素 农艺性状 抗氧化酶活性 

分 类 号：S359.2[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]