基于实测数据的隧道开挖松动圈统计研究  

Statistical research on tunnel excavation loose zone basedon measured data

作　　者：于长一 刘瑞建 刘世纲 曹永华[1,2,4,5,6] 徐宾宾 刘桂泽 YU Chang-yi;LIU Rui-jian;LIU Shi-gang;CAO Yong-hua;XU Bin-bin;LIU Gui-ze(Tianjin Port Engineering Institute Co.,Ltd.of CCCC First Harbor Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300222,China;CCCCFirst Harbor Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300461,China;No.3 Engineering Co.,Ltd.of CCCC First Harbor Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Dalian,Liaoning 116083,China;Key Laboratory of Port Geotechnical Engineering,Ministry of Transport,Tianjin300222,China;Key Laboratory of Port Geotechnical Engineering of Tianjin,Tianjin 300222,China;Key Laboratory of Geotechnical Engineering,CCCC,Tianjin 300222,China)

机构地区：[1]中交天津港湾工程研究院有限公司,天津300222 [2]中交第一航务工程局有限公司,天津300461 [3]中交一航局第三工程有限公司,辽宁大连116083 [4]港口岩土工程技术交通行业重点实验室,天津300222 [5]天津市港口岩土工程技术重点实验室,天津300222 [6]中交集团岩土工程重点实验室,天津300222

出　　处：《中国港湾建设》2025年第2期54-61,共8页China Harbour Engineering

基　　金：天津市科技计划项目(20JCJQJC00220);国家自然科学基金项目(52171273,52108335)。

摘　　要：隧道的松动圈范围对隧道支护起决定性作用,而目前对隧道松动圈的实测统计还处于空白。为此统计了47条隧道,177个断面的松动圈实测数据,根据对比分析实测数据,铁路、公路隧道规范建议的锚杆长度基本能满足实际情况,但在高地应力和软岩大变形隧道中,锚杆和锚索长度需要根据实测动态调整确定。其次,采用不同的方法计算了47条隧道的围岩压力,根据实测松动圈数据修正的芬纳公式反算得到的围岩压力是普氏理论、太沙基理论、铁路隧道规范和基于实测松动圈厚度计算的围岩静压力的10余倍。在软岩大变形、高地应力隧道中,可采用修正的芬纳公式反算得到地层压力,由此计算得到的支护参数偏于保守,有利于工程安全施工。其他方法可在一般的深埋隧道中用于围岩支护压力计算。本文结果可为软岩大变形、高地应力隧道支护计算提供有效的指导和参考。The range of loose zone in tunnels plays a decisive role in tunnel support,and currently,the measured statistics ofloose zone in tunnels are still blank.For this purpose,the measured data of 47 tunnels and 177 sections of loose zone wascollected.Based on comparative analysis of the measured data,the recommended bolt length in railway and highway tunnelspecifications can basically meet the actual situation.However,in high in-situ stress and soft rock large deformation tunnels,the length of anchor bolts and cables needs to be dynamically adjusted and determined based on the measured data.Secondly,different methods were used to calculate the surrounding rock pressure of 47 tunnels.Based on the measured loose zone data,the modified Finner formula was used to reversely calculate the surrounding rock pressure,which was more than 10 times thecalculated value obtained from Proctor's theory,Terzaghi's theory,railway tunnel specifications,and the static pressure of themeasured loose zone thickness.In soft rock tunnels with large deformation and high in-situ stress,the formation pressure can becalculated using the modified Finner formula,which results in conservative support parameters and is beneficial for safeconstruction of the project.Other methods can be used for calculating the surrounding rock support pressure in general deepburied tunnels.The results of this paper can provide effective guidance and reference for the calculation of support for soft rocktunnels with large deformation and high in-situ stress.

关 键 词：松动圈 锚杆 围岩压力 高地应力 软岩大变形 

分 类 号：U655.4[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]