某型柴油机高压燃油泵滚轮衬套磨损脱落失效分析  

FMEA of theWear and Fall Failure of the Roller Bushing of a Diesel Engine High-Pressure Fuel Pump

作　　者：李云鹏 吴鹏[1] 赵中祥 郭鑫 仲龑文 林康博 孔晨 LI Yunpeng;WU Peng;ZHAO Zhongxiang;GUO Xin;ZHONG Yanwen;LIN Kangbo;KONG Chen(Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute,Shanghai 201108,China;National Engineering Research Center of Special Equipment and Power System for Ship and Marine Engineering,Shanghai 201108,China;National Key Laboratory of Marine Engine Science and Technology,Shanghai 201108,China)

机构地区：[1]上海船用柴油机研究所,上海201108 [2]船舶与海洋工程特种装备和动力系统国家工程研究中心,上海201108 [3]船用发动机科学与技术国家重点实验室,上海201108

出　　处：《内燃机》2025年第1期31-39,共9页Internal Combustion Engines

摘　　要：滚轮衬套和滚轮销是油泵中关键的滑动摩擦副,滚轮衬套的耐磨性能直接决定高压油泵的使用寿命。针对某型柴油机高压油泵滚轮衬套异常磨损脱落故障,从高压油泵相应运动件加工质量、润滑油路清洁度、滑油流动特性、运动件装配参数、零件材料成分和显微组织方面着手进行失效分析。结果表明:滚轮衬套和滚轮过盈量不足、滚轮衬套与滚轮配合面粗糙度和圆柱度超差是造成滚轮衬套异常脱落的直接原因;滚轮衬套材料实际化学成分与材料牌号不符、晶粒粗大无方向性是造成滚轮衬套异常磨损的直接原因。通过收严相关零件加工制造的形位公差以及运动件的装配参数技术要求来解决滚轮衬套异常脱落故障,并通过控制滚轮衬套材料成分和热处理工艺达成了上述要求。Roller bushings and roller pins are the key sliding friction pairs in fuel pumps,and the wear resistance of roller bushings directly determines the service life of high-pressure fuel pumps.In view of the abnormal wear and fall off of the roller bushing of a diesel engine high-pressure fuel pump,FMEA(Failure Mode and Effect Analysis)was carried out from the aspects of processing quality of the corresponding parts of the high-pressure fuel pump,cleanliness of lubricating oil circuit,lubricating oil flow characteristics,assembly parameters of moving parts,material composition and microstructure of parts.The results show that the insufficient interference of the roller bushing and roller,the roughness and cylindricity are out of tolerance of the mating surface are the direct causes of the abnormal falling off of the roller bushing.The chemical composition of the roller bushing material is inconsistent with the selection,and the coarse grain and non-directional grain are the direct causes of the abnormal wear of the roller bushing.By tightening the geometric tolerances of related parts and the assembly parameters of moving parts,the abnormal falling off fault of roller bushing is solved;By controlling the material composition and heat treatment process of the roller bushing,the abnormal wear fault of the roller bushing is solved.

关 键 词：高压油泵 滚轮衬套 异常磨损脱落 过盈量 材料化学成分 显微组织 

分 类 号：TK421[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]