碳排放权质押的私法规则体系研究  

The Study on Private Law Rule System of Carbon Emission Rights Pledge

作　　者：汪君 付祥雪 WANG Jun;FU Xiangxue

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《南京工业大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期69-81,126,共14页Journal of Nanjing Tech University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助重点项目“《民法典》第十条前段研究:处理民事纠纷应当依照的法律”(24FFXA006);湖北省教育厅哲学社会科学研究项目“《民法典》时代行政规范性文件私法适用研究”(22G031)。

摘　　要：构建完整的碳排放权质押私法规则体系,有助于维护良好的金融市场交易秩序,推动实现“双碳”目标。碳排放权是可转让财产,属于用益物权,具有适质性。碳排放权质押的客体是碳排放权,主要以碳排放碳配额和国家核证自愿减排量为表现形式。碳排放权质押应签订书面质押合同,并经“双登记”后设立。出质人享有有限的处分权,处分碳排放权需经过质权人同意,由质权人解冻碳排放权。质权人在碳排放权价值减损时享有保全权,对于跨期担保的碳排放权,质权人应配合出质人履行清缴义务。质权人既可以通过流质条款实现债权,也可以对入质碳排放权折价、公开竞价和协商议价,还可以借助司法途径和政府回购的方式实现。碳排放权质权因主债权消灭、质权实现、碳排放权消灭和质权人放弃质权而消灭。Establishing a comprehensive private law rule structure for carbon emission rights pledges is beneficial to maintaining financial market order and encouraging the achievement of the"dual carbon"goals.Carbon emission rights are transferable properties that are under the category of usufructuary rights,meaning they are suitable.The object of carbon emission pledge is carbon emission rights,which are mostly reflected in the form of carbon quotas and nationally approved voluntary emission reduction amounts.For carbon emission rights pledges,a written pledge contract is required,which is established following"double registration".The pledgor has limited disposal rights and requires the pledgee′s approval to dispose of carbon emission rights,which the pledgee will unfreeze.When the value of carbon emission rights falls,the pledgee has the option to preserve them.For carbon emission rights with cross-period guarantees,the pledgee shall work with the pledgor to meet the settlement requirement.The pledgee can realize the creditor′s rights through the liquidation clause,by discounting,public auctioning,and negotiating the promised carbon emission rights,or through judicial and government repurchases.The carbon emission rights pledge right is extinguished as a result of the major creditor′s rights expiring,the pledge right being realized,the carbon emission rights expiring,and the pledgee abandoning the pledge right.

关 键 词：“双碳”目标 碳排放权 碳排放权质押 碳排放配额 国家核证自愿减排量(CCER) 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]