频繁启停工况下高速径向涡轮机组合式汽封的设计与应用  

Design and Application of Combined Sealing Structure for High-Speed Radial Turbines under Frequent Start-Stop Operations

作　　者：耿旭 李娴静 GENG Xu;LI Xian-jing(China Huadian Corporation Zhejiang Branch,Hangzhou,310000,China;Huadian(Zhejiang)New Energy Co.,Ltd,,Hangzhou,310000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国华电集团有限公司浙江公司,浙江310007 [2]华电(浙江)新能源有限公司,浙江310007

出　　处：《山东工业技术》2025年第1期116-121,共6页Journal of Shandong Industrial Technology

摘　　要：为减少高速径向涡轮机组汽封漏汽量,提高径向涡轮机组效率,本文提出了一种轮背齿形密封和碳环密封的组合式密封结构。首先,通过CFD计算分析了新型组合式汽封结构和常规汽封结构漏汽量,仿真结果显示新型组合式汽封效果明显更优;随后,比较分析了汽封间隙、腔室高度、齿厚和斜齿角度这4种变量对漏汽量的影响;然后,通过CFD分析不同工况下石墨磨损率与所受载荷的关系,进而分析对石墨汽封寿命产生的影响,计算得出了在频繁启停工况下石墨碳环的磨损情况,并给出了更换碳环的建议时间为2.68年。本文提出的组合式汽封结构能明显减少漏汽量,对后续的设计与应用具有现实指导意义。In order to reduce the leakage of steam from high-speed radial turbine units and improve the efficiency of combined cycle power generation systems,this paper proposes a combined sealing structure consisting of a wheel back tooth-shaped seal and a carbon ring seal.First,computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations were conducted to analyze the leakage which in the new combined sealing structure and conventional sealing structures.The simulation results indicate that the new combined sealing design exhibits significantly better performance.Subsequently,the effects of structural parameters such as sealing gap,chamber height,tooth thickness,and angled teeth on the leakage rate of the tooth-shaped seal were compared and analyzed.Furthermore,CFD analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between the graphite wear rate and the applied load under different operating conditions,leading to an assessment of its impact on graphite seal lifespan.The calculations revealed the wear condition of the graphite carbon ring under frequent start-stop operations,with a recommended replacement interval of 2.68 years.The proposed combined sealing structure can significantly reduce leakage,providing practical guidance for future design and applications.

关 键 词：组合式汽封 漏汽量 高速径向涡轮 频繁启停工况 碳环磨损 

分 类 号：TM621[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]