轻度认知障碍老年人身体活动研究:基于行为流行病学框架的范围综述  

Physical Activity Study of Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment:A Scoping Review Based on a Behavioral Epidemiology Framework

作　　者：李福有 李华帅[1] 郭成根 孙璞[1] LI Fuyou;LI Huashuai;GUO Chenggen;SUN Pu(College of P.E.and Sports,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Department of Physical Fitness,Wuhan Sports University,Wuhan,Hubei 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学体育与运动学院,北京100875 [2]武汉体育学院体能教研室,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《首都体育学院学报》2025年第1期91-104,共14页Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金项目(20YTB012)。

摘　　要：采用范围综述的研究方法,在行为流行病学框架下使用演绎内容分析法对轻度认知障碍老年人身体活动进行归类总结,整体把握相关领域的研究进展。通过对59篇目标文献进行范围审查发现:尽管有较少文献确定轻度认知障碍老年人身体活动的剂量-效应关系,但有足够的证据表明中等强度以上的身体活动能够改善身心健康,且我国民族传统体育项目显示出较好的干预效果;可穿戴设备和传感器技术能够促进轻度认知障碍老年人的身体活动行为,并为身体活动的测量提供了客观、便捷、有效且多元的数据分析结果,通过分析身体活动的共性特征,可以筛查早期的神经退行性疾病;内在动机作为轻度认知障碍老年人参与身体活动的关键,受个体、行为和环境的多重影响,其中家庭支持是坚持参与身体活动的关键,此外以理论框架为基础探究身体活动影响因素能够使身体活动水平的提高和方案的制订更具说服力;以家庭环境为基础、以社会支持为保障、以理论作为干预方案设计、实施和评估的指导,能够更科学地改变轻度认知障碍老年人的身体活动行为。Using a scoping review within the behavioral epidemiology framework and employing deductive content analysis,this study categorizes and summarizes physical activity in elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)to comprehensively grasp research progress in the relevant field.A scoping review of 59 targeted articles reveals that although few studies have determined the dose-response relationship of physical activity for elderly individuals with MCI,there is sufficient evidence to indicate that moderate-to-vigorous physical activity can improve both physical and mental health.Additionally,traditional sports activities in China have shown promising intervention effects.The use of wearable devices and sensor technology can promote physical activity behavior,and provide objective,convenient,effective,and diverse data analysis results for measuring physical activity in elderly individuals with MCI.Through in-depth analysis of the common characteristics of physical activity,early neurodegenerative diseases can be screened.Intrinsic motivation,influenced by individual,behavioraland environmental factors,is key for elderly individuals with MCI to engage in physical activity,with family support being crucial for sustained participation.Furthermore,exploring the influencing factors of physical activity based on theoretical frameworks can make the enhancement of physical activity levels and the formulation of intervention programs more persuasive.Interventions that are designed,implemented,and evaluated based on family environment,supported by social backing,and guided by theoretical frameworks can more scientifically alter the physical activity behavior of elderly individuals with MCI.

关 键 词：身体活动 行为流行病学框架 轻度认知障碍 老年人 范围综述 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]