地面-空间天气要素与雷暴强度的关系  

Relationships between Surface-space Weather Elements and Thunderstorm Intensity

作　　者：李文斌[1] 潘志豪 许春林[1] LI Wenbin;PAN Zhihao;XU Chunlin(Sihui Meteorological Service,Sihui 526200)

机构地区：[1]四会市气象局,广东四会526200

出　　处：《广东气象》2025年第1期48-52,82,共6页Guangdong Meteorology

基　　金：肇庆科技创新指导类自筹资金项目。

摘　　要：分析雷暴大气电场强度与降雨强度、气温、相对湿度、空间天气要素(高能质子通量、电子通量、地磁活动指数)之间的关系,结果表明:阵雨雨强等级(0.2 mm≤R_(h)≤9.9 mm)出现的雷暴次数最多,平均强度最大。20℃气温为弱雷暴与中等强度以上雷暴发生的临界温度;气温在20℃以下时发生中雷暴强度以上的概率为0。空气相对湿度小于90%时雷暴强度均为弱到中等强度。在相似地面气象要素的状况下,高能质子通量和地磁活动的增强能显著增强雷暴大气电场强度。建立雷暴电场强度订正方程来推算雷暴发生的概率和强度,以提高雷雨预测准确率。The relationships between the intensity of atmospheric electric field during thunderstorms and the accompanying rain intensity,air temperature,relative humidity,and space weather elements(high-energy proton flux,electron flux and indexes of the Earth's magnetic field activity)were analyzed in this paper.The results are shown as follows.Thunderstorms occurred most frequently and with the maximum average intensity when there were showers in the range of 0.2 mm≤R_(h)≤9.9 mm.The temperature of 20℃ was the critical point that distinguished weak from moderate or more intense thunderstorms;the probability for moderate or more intense thunderstorms to take place was zero when the temperature was less than 20℃.When relative humidity was less than 90%,thunderstorms were all weak to moderate in intensity.Under the conditions of similar surface meteorological elements,the enhancement of high-energy proton flux and the Earth's magnetic field activity significantly increased the intensity of the atmospheric electric field during thunderstorms.A correction equation was then set up for the thunderstorm electric field to estimate the probability and intensity of thunderstorms so as to increase the accuracy of thunderstorm rain forecasting.

关 键 词：地面气象 空间天气 雷暴 大气电场强度 

分 类 号：P46[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]