高纯锑工业制备技术研究进展  

Research Progress of Industrial Preparation Technology for High-Purity Anti⁃mony

作　　者：张强 客洪亮 郭文斌 曹毅 刘志文 吴松全 李诵斌 李阁平 ZHANG Qiang;KE Hongliang;GUO Wenbin;CAO Yi;LIU Zhiwen;WU Songquan;LI Song‐bin;LI Geping(Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Rare and Scattered Metals Materials,Nanchang 330096,China;Jiangxi Copper Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Nanchang 330096,China;Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Science,Shenyang 110055,China)

机构地区：[1]稀贵稀散金属材料江西省重点实验室,江西南昌330096 [2]江西铜业技术研究院有限公司,江西南昌330096 [3]中国科学院金属研究所,辽宁沈阳110055

出　　处：《铜业工程》2025年第1期27-34,共8页Copper Engineering

基　　金：江西铜业股份有限公司2023年度科研项目(YJY2023002)资助。

摘　　要：中国锑储量居世界第一,但出口产品仍以粗锑为主,经国外深加工后的锑产品又返销国内,造成了巨大的贸易逆差。此外,高纯锑具有较高的附加价值,是锑基半导体产业不可缺少的重要原材料,在热电材料、红外成像、高纯合金等领域有所应用,但国产高纯锑原料的替代率严重不足,导致相关行业存在“卡脖子”问题。因此,金属锑的高纯化研究与开发刻不容缓。为加快金属锑高纯化技术的自主创新,拓宽锑产品产业链并提高其应用附加值,本文概述了高纯金属锑的性质与用途,分析了高纯锑提纯技术的研究成果,详细介绍了高纯金属锑的真空蒸馏、氯化精馏、电解等工业化生产技术,并且对金属锑高纯化技术目前存在的问题以及未来发展的方向进行了总结和展望。China has the largest antimony reserves of world,but its main export product is still crude antimony.After deep processing abroad,it is resold back into the domestic market,causing a huge trade deficit.In addition,high-purity antimony has high added value and is an essential raw material for the antimony-based semiconductor industry.It has been applied in many key fields such as thermoelectric materials,infrared imaging,and high-purity alloys.However,the substitution rate of domestically produced high-purity antimony raw materials is seriously insufficient,leading to the bottleneck problem in related industries.Therefore,the research and development of high-purity antimony metal is urgent.In order to accelerate the independent innovation of high-purity antimony metal technology,broaden the antimony product industry chain and its added value applications,this article summarizes the properties and uses of high-purity antimony metal,as well as the research results of high-purity antimony purification technology.It provides a detailed introduction to industrial production technologies such as vacuum distillation,chlorination distillation,and electrolysis of high-purity antimony metal,and looks forward to the current problems and future directions of high-purity antimony metal purification technology.

关 键 词：稀贵稀散金属 锑 提纯 高纯锑 工业生产 

分 类 号：TQ135.3[化学工程—无机化工]