极端条件下水凝胶电解质在柔性锌电池的应用  

Application of Hydrogel Electrolytes to Flexible Zinc Batteries under Extreme Conditions

作　　者：宋紫晨 严庆锋 陈凯 杨帆 袁畅 李维杰 SONG Zichen;YAN Qinfeng;CHEN Kai;YANG Fan;YUAN Chang;LI Weijie(Powder metallurgy research institute,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学粉末冶金研究院,湖南长沙410083

出　　处：《铜业工程》2025年第1期76-94,共19页Copper Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(52204378,22309209);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2023JJ40709)资助。

摘　　要：柔性锌离子电池具有良好的容量、可穿戴性、本质安全性和功能可控性。近年来,人们对柔性锌离子电池的设计和制造投入了大量的研究。水凝胶电解质作为柔性锌离子电池最关键的组成部分,保留了水性电解质的高离子导电性和固体聚合物电解质的稳定性。这种电解质不仅具备出色的机械柔韧性和弹性,能够适应各种形变而不影响电池性能,同时还拥有优异的离子传导能力,确保了电池的高效充放电。在可穿戴电子设备、便携式电源和柔性电子屏幕等领域,柔性锌离子电池的水凝胶电解质能够显著提升设备的柔韧性和可靠性,为用户提供更加便捷和舒适的使用体验。此外,低成本和环保性也使其成为未来能源存储技术的重要发展方向之一。然而,用于柔性锌离子电池的水凝胶电解质的研究仍处于早期阶段,在极端应用条件下仍面临着较大的挑战。本文分析了柔性锌离子电池水凝胶电解质的优缺点,以及水凝胶电解质在低温、高温和变形的极端条件下所面临的挑战和目前相应的改善措施,最后针对3种极端条件分别进行重点分析,并提出相关解决方案。In recent years,a great deal of research has been invested in the design and fabrication direction of flexible zinc ion batteries due to their good capacity,wearability,intrinsic safety and functional controllability.Hydrogel electrolyte,as the most critical component of flexible zinc-ion battery,retains the high ionic conductivity of aqueous electrolyte and the dimensional stability of solid polymer electrolyte.This electrolyte not only has excellent mechanical flexibility and elasticity,which can adapt to various deformations without affecting battery performance,but also has excellent ion conductivity,ensuring efficient charging and discharging of the battery.In the fields of wearable electronic devices,portable power supplies and flexible electronic screens,the hydrogel electrolyte of flexible zinc ion batteries can significantly improve the flexibility and reliability of devices,providing users with a more convenient and comfortable use experience.In addition,its low cost and environmental friendliness make it one of the important development directions for future energy storage technologies.However,the research of hydrogel electrolyte for flexible zinc ion battery is still in its early stage,and it still faces great challenges under extreme application conditions.The purpose of this paper was to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of hydrogel electrolyte used in flexible zinc-ion batteries,and point out the challenges faced by hydrogel electrolyte under extreme conditions of high temperature,low temperature and deformation,as well as the corresponding current improvement measures.Finally,the corresponding extreme conditions were analyzed and constructive solutions were put forward.

关 键 词：柔性锌离子电池 水凝胶电解质 高低温条件 变形条件 改性设计 

分 类 号：TM91[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]