二叶期水分管理对寒地水稻秧苗素质的影响  

Effect of Water Management during the Two-leaf Stage on Seedling Qualityof Cold-tolerant Rice

作　　者：董奇卓 王泰毅 钱永德[1] Dong Qizhuo;Wang Taiyi;Qian Yongde(College of Agronomy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing163319)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院,大庆163319

出　　处：《黑龙江八一农垦大学学报》2025年第1期15-21,共7页journal of heilongjiang bayi agricultural university

基　　金：主要作物丰产增效科技创新工程(2023YFD2301602-4);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YED0200206)。

摘　　要：旱育苗是黑龙江水稻产区最重要的育秧方式,苗床水分管理尤其出苗后的土壤水分对培育壮苗至关重要。试验以早粳稻龙粳31为供试材料,以水稻出苗后(7 d)进入二叶期的土壤水分管理方式为处理因素,于二叶露尖时分别模拟湿润育苗和水育苗的土壤状态(湿润育苗R:土壤含水量达到持水量的90%~100%,且土壤表面无水层;水育苗S:苗床保持1 cm水层),以常规旱育苗CK为对照(土壤含水量50%~60%),围绕秧苗的形态、生理指标展开调查,探讨二叶期苗床土壤水分对秧苗素质的影响。结果表明:旱育苗过程中二叶期苗床土壤水分达到湿润处理(R),甚至水层处理(S)时秧苗无论形态还是生理指标都较对照处理(CK)发生明显变化,株高增加7.6%和12.4%,叶龄提高10%和19.1%,白根数减少12.4%和21.2%;秧苗充实度降低13.5%和22.4%,苗体内丙二醛含量呈上升趋势,叶绿素a、叶绿素b和类胡萝卜素含量下降,表现出秧苗光合能力减弱的趋势。综上,寒地稻区二叶期苗床土壤水分保持在50%~60%时,有利于培育壮苗。Dry seedling cultivation is the most important seedling raising method in Heilongjiang rice producing area,and seedbed water management,especially soil moisture after emergence,is very important for cultivating strong seedlings.In this experiment,the soil moisture management method of rice entering the second leaf stage after rice emergence(7 days)was used as the treatment factor,and the soil conditions of moist seedling and water seedling were simulated respectively when the tip of the two leaves was exposed(moist seedling R:soil moisture content reached 90%-100%of the maximum water holding capacity,no water layer;water seedling S:the seedbed maintained 1cm water layer),and conventional dry seedling was used as the control(soil water content 50%-60%).Physiological indexes were investigated to explore the effect of soil moisture on seedling quality in seedbed at two-leaf stage.The results showed that both morphological and physiological indexes of seedlings changed significantly compared with the control treatment(CK)when the soil moisture in the seedbed at the 2-leaf stage of the dry nursery process reached the moist treatment(R)or even the water layer treatment(S):the plant height increased by 7.6%and 12.4%,the leaf age increased by 10%and 19.1%,the number of white roots decreased by 12.4%and 21.2%,the seedling fullness decreased by 13.5%and 22.4%,and the malondialde-hyde content in the seedlings showed an upward trend.The contents of chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and carotenoid decreased,which showed that the photosynthetic capacity of seedlings decreased.It can be seen that in the cold rice area,when the soil moisture of the seedbed is maintained at 50%-60%at the 2-leaf stage,it is conducive to cultivating strong seedlings.

关 键 词：水稻 二叶期 苗床水分 秧苗素质 

分 类 号：S511.41[农业科学—作物学]