基于卫星遥感的大气甲烷探测反演技术综述  

Review of Atmospheric Methane Detection and Inversion Techniques Based on Space Remote Sensing Satellites

作　　者：蔡小莉 鲍云飞[1] 黄巧林[1] CAI Xiaoli;BAO Yunfei;HUANG Qiaolin(Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China;China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094 [2]中国空间技术研究院,北京100094

出　　处：《航天返回与遥感》2025年第1期160-173,共14页Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing

基　　金：民用航天重点项目(D040101)。

摘　　要：当前基于自下而上的排放清单在估算甲烷(CH_(4))排放总量及其空间分布方面存在较大不确定性,卫星遥感技术以其广阔的覆盖范围和高效的监测能力,为全球大气CH_(4)浓度的监测提供了一种有效的手段。文章综述了基于卫星遥感的大气甲烷探测反演技术,将甲烷遥感卫星分为区域通量成像仪和点源成像仪两大类,并对CH_(4)探测卫星性能及探测技术的发展进行了归纳。进一步分析了各类传感器CH_(4)反演算法及其数据产品在排放量监测和通量反演中的应用,探讨了不同反演算法的优势和局限性。最后,结合国家双碳目标的战略需求,预测了甲烷遥感卫星的未来发展趋势,并对CH_(4)反演技术研究的未来方向进行了展望,旨在为国家大气CH_(4)卫星遥感体系的建设提供参考。Methane(CH_(4)),as a critical anthropogenic greenhouse gas,significantly impacts the Earth’s radiation balance and the concentration of ozone in the troposphere.There is considerable uncertainty in the current bottom-up emission inventories when estimating the total methane emissions and their spatial distribution.Satellite remote sensing technology,with its wide coverage and efficient monitoring capabilities,provides an effective means for monitoring the global atmospheric CH_(4)concentration.This study reviews the techniques for detecting and inverting atmospheric methane based on satellite remote sensing,categorizing methane remote sensing satellites into two main types:regional flux plotters and point source imagers.It summarizes the performance of CH_(4)satellite-borne detection satellites and the development of detection technology.Furthermore,it analyzes the application of various sensor CH_(4)inversion algorithms and their data products in emission monitoring and flux inversion,discussing the strengths and limitations of different inversion algorithms.Finally,in line with the strategic needs of China’s dual-carbon targets,the future development trend of methane remote sensing satellites is predicted,and the future direction of CH_(4)inversion technology research is prospected,aiming to provide a reference for the construction of China’s atmospheric CH_(4)satellite remote sensing system.

关 键 词：甲烷 大气遥感 反演算法 排放监测 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] P412[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]