经济法理念下的空间规划  

Spatial Planning from the Perspective of Economic Law

作　　者：郭雳[1] 陈睿毅 Guo Li;Chen Ruiyi

机构地区：[1]北京大学法学院

出　　处：《地方立法研究》2025年第1期1-18,共18页Local Legislation Journal

摘　　要：空间规划的制度化需要协调当下和未来规制机关与相对人之间的法律关系,实现秩序性与公益性的统一。现行法律制度下,空间规划面临用途管制刚性失灵、指标控制执行偏差两大困境。前者依据涉案行为人主观过错程度和可非难性的不同,或体现为制度目的与实际激励的偏离,或折射出规划变更对信赖利益的侵害。后者则集中反映了行政规制单向思维的局限、手段正当性的匮乏及全局考虑的欠缺。空间规划的经济规制基因决定了其区别于行政规制的独特逻辑,在制度设计上应坚持经济法的实质思维,充分认知规范约束对象的经济理性,开展成本收益分析;在制度执行上应推动威慑性监管向回应性监管的转型。“程序上的空间规划法”已基本成形,现阶段应抓住《国土空间规划法》的立法机遇,协调好空间规划与发展规划的关系,减少利益偏差,实现激励相容,确立价值创造导向,以建构“实质上的空间规划法”,贯彻空间正义。The institutionalization of spatial planning requires the coordination of the current and future legal relationships between the regulatory authorities and the private parties to attain the unity of order and public interest.Under the current legal system,spatial planning faces two major predicaments:malfunction of the rigid space use control and deviation of the implementation of quota control.The former,depending on the level of subjective fault and culpability of the actors involved,may manifest as a deviation of incentives in reality from the system's purpose,or as a reflection of the infringement of reliance interests caused by planning changes.The latter is an emblem of the limitations of the one-way mindset in administrative regulation,the lack of legitimacy in regulation means,and the absence of comprehensive consideration.The gene of economic regulation embedded in spatial planning differentiates from its unique logic from administrative regulation.In terms of system design,substantive thinking should be adhered to while fully recognizing the economic rationality of the entities subject to normative constraints,and cost-benefit analysis should be carried out.As for system implementation,the shift from deterrent regulation to responsive regulation should be promoted.The“spatial planning law in procedure”has basically taken shape.At this stage,it is desirable to seize the opportunity of the legislation for Territorial Spatial Planning Law,coordinate the relationship between the law and development planning,reduce interest deviations to achieve incentive compatibility,establish a value-creation orientation,and construct a“spatial planning law in substance”in order to implement spatial justice.

关 键 词：空间规划 经济规制 用途管制 指标控制 国土空间规划法 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]