论破产中债权转让的法律效力  

Legal Effects of the Assignment of Claims in Bankruptcy

作　　者：范志勇 Fan Zhiyong

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学法学院

出　　处：《地方立法研究》2025年第1期19-38,共20页Local Legislation Journal

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2024JBWG006)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：登记的债权转让具有对抗重复受让人、破产债权人等权利竞存的主体的效力。债权转让通知的适格主体为让与人,债权转让登记,并及时通知债务人,方能确保受让人所取得债权的在先顺位。债权让与人或受让人的破产管理人行使破产撤销权,将对债权转让的原因行为的效力产生实质影响。转让有基础关系的将来债权,标的债权原则上不属于让与人的破产财产。当让与人破产,债务人对受让人可行使抵销权;当债务人破产,债务人的破产管理人不得向受让人主张抵销;当受让人破产,或让与人和受让人均破产的,债务人可依法向受让人行使破产抵销权。债权人在债务人破产程序中转让破产债权的行为应被予以充分保障,但恶意受让债权的效力应被破产法所否定。The registered assignment of claims has the effect of resisting the subject of competing rights such as duplicate assignee and bankruptcy creditor.The proper subject of the notice of the assignment of claims is the assignor.The registration of the assignment of claims and timely notification to the debtor can ensure the first order of creditor's rights obtained by the assignee.By exercising the right of bankruptcy revocation,the bankruptcy administrator of the assignor or the assignee will have a substantial impact on the effect of the cause act of the assignment of the claims.The underlying future claim which is transferred is not,in principle,the bankruptcy property of the assignor.When the assignor is bankrupt,the debtor may exercise the right of bankruptcy offset against the assignee.When the debtor is bankrupt,the bankruptcy administrator of the debtor may not claim set-off from the assignee.Where the assignee is bankrupt,or when both the assignor and the assignee are bankrupt,the debtor may exercise the right of bankruptcy offset against the assignee by law.The assignment of creditors'claims in the debtor's bankruptcy procedure should be fully guaranteed,and the effect of the malicious transfer of creditor's right should be negated by the bankruptcy law.

关 键 词：债权转让 登记对抗 破产撤销 将来债权 破产抵销 

分 类 号：D922.291.92[政治法律—经济法学] D923[政治法律—法学]