富水环境缓倾斜矿体采矿方法与突水防控研究  

Research on Mining Method and Water Inrush Prevention and Control of Gently Inclined Orebody in Water-Rich Environment

作　　者：黄明发[1,2] HUANG Mingfa

机构地区：[1]紫金矿业集团股份有限公司,福建上杭364200 [2]紫金(长沙)工程技术有限公司,湖南长沙410001

出　　处：《中国矿山工程》2024年第6期34-41,共8页China Mine Engineering

基　　金：国家“十四五”重点研发计划“高寒及生态脆弱区大型矿山绿色开采技术”(课题编号:2022YFC2903904)。

摘　　要：本文以某金矿缓倾斜矿体为研究对象,开展了富水环境下机械化采矿方法研究;采用巷道出水预测法和C14追踪法分析了涌水来源;基于矿围岩体Q值和无支护跨度分析,初选了预切顶中深孔房柱嗣后充填法、机械化上向水平分层充填法和机械化上向进路充填法三种采矿方法方案,通过FLAC3D数值模拟分析了各采矿方法的扰动范围,最后通过方案的技术性、经济性、安全性综合比较推荐了采矿方法。结果表明:矿床涌水主要来自于底板岩溶承压含水层,矿坑最大涌水量达到35 000 m^(3)/d;机械化上向进路充填法方案扰动范围为3~4 m,该方案扰动范围最小;基于现有注浆加固范围15 m、水体环境安全隔离层厚度要求和方案的技术经济指标,优选推荐机械化上向进路充填法。现场工业试验表明,采用多序次超前注浆加固回采区域,试验区域采场涌水量明显减少;采场综合能力为110 t/d,损失率6%,贫化率4%。该研究为富水环境缓倾斜矿体安全、高效开采提供了技术支撑。The sources of water inrush were analyzed using the tunnel water inflow prediction method and C14 tracing technique. Based on the Q-value assessment of the surrounding rock mass and unsupported span analysis, three initial mining method schemes were selected: pre-cut top medium-deep hole room-and-pillar subsequent filling, mechanized upward horizontal stratified filling, and mechanized upward drift filling. The disturbance ranges of each mining method were analyzed through FLAC3D numerical simulations. Ultimately, the mining method was recommended through a comprehensive comparison of the technical, economic, and safety aspects of the schemes. The results indicate that the primary source of water inrush in the deposit is the karst confined aquifer in the floor, with a maximum water inrush rate reaching 35 000 m^(3)/d. The disturbance range of mechanized up-approach filling method is the smallest, and the disturbance range is 3~4 m. Considering the current grouting reinforcement range of 15 meters, the thickness requirements for the safety isolation layer in the aquatic environment, and the technical and economic indicators of the schemes, the mechanized upward drift filling method was preferentially recommended. Field industrial tests demonstrated that implementing multi-sequence advanced grouting reinforcement in the mining area significantly reduced the water inrush in the stope. The stope achieved a comprehensive mining capacity of 110 t/d, with a loss rate of 6% and a dilution rate of 4%. This study provides technical support for the safe and efficient mining of gently inclined orebodies in water-rich environments.

关 键 词：富水环境 缓倾斜矿体 机械化回采 突水防控 采矿方法 注浆技术 

分 类 号：TD745[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]