基于表型多样性构建山西大豆地方品种核心种质  

Establishment of soybean core collection based on phenotypic characters in Shanxi Province

作　　者：陈妍 杨午 万坤 聂萌恩[1] 张海平 CHEN Yan;YANG Wu;WAN Kun;NIE Meng-en;ZHANG Hai-ping(Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research,Shanxi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Enhancement on Loess Plateau,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Genetic Improvement of Minor Crops,Taiyuan 030031,China;College of Agronomy,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农业基因资源研究中心/农业农村部黄土高原作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室/杂粮种质资源发掘与遗传改良山西省重点实验室,山西太原030031 [2]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2025年第1期105-114,共10页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：山西省重大专项计划揭榜挂帅项目(202201140601025);国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1600601-03);大豆种业创新良种联合攻关;山西省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金。

摘　　要：为解决山西省大豆种质资源数量多,保存、更新负担大,优良种质利用率低等问题,本研究依据山西省种质库数据对1999份山西大豆地方品种的20个表型性状进行分析,采用非加权类平均聚类分析方法对每个地区资源进行系统聚类后随机取样,构建的核心种质保留了原始种质总数量的10.66%。利用多个特征值(最小值、最大值、均值、标准差、变异系数、Shannon-Weaver遗传多样性指数)和评价参数,包括均值差异百分率(MD)、方差差异百分率(VD)、极差符合率(CR)、变异系数变化率(VR)等对核心种质的代表性进行检验。结果表明,核心种质和原始种质19个表型性状的多样性指数t检验结果不显著,均值差异百分率、极差符合率、变异系数变化率、方差差异百分率分别为0、136.29%、106.44%、15.79%。核心种质和原始种质的前7个主成分相同,累计贡献率分别为85.761%和85.857%。结果表明,核心种质的213份种质能够代表山西大豆地方品种的遗传多样性。In order to solve the problems of large number of soybean germplasm resources,heavy renewal burden and low breeding efficiency for fine varieties in Shanxi,the genetic diversity of 20 phenotypic traits for 1999 soybean germplasm resources was used to establish a core germplasm collection.Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means was used to construct core germplasm by randomly sampling the resources in each region after systematic clustering.The core germplasm retained 10.66%of the total number of original germplasm.The representativeness of the established core collection was comprehensively tested by both multiple characteristic values(minimum,maximum,mean,standard deviation,coefficient of variation,and diversity index)and evaluation parameters(percentage of mean difference,percentage of variance difference,range coincidence rate,variable rate of coefficient of variation,and phenotypic retention ratio).The results indicated that the t-test results of diversity index of 19 phenotypic traits between core germplasm and original germplasm were not significant,and the percentage of mean difference,range coincidence rate,variation rate of coefficient of variation and variance difference were 0,136.29%,106.44%and 15.79%,respectively.The first 7 principal components of core germplasm and original germplasm were the same,and the cumulative contribution rate was 85.761%and 85.857%,respectively.The results demonstrated that a total of 213 core germplasm resources effectively represented the genetic diversity of Shanxi soybean local varieties.

关 键 词：大豆 表型性状 核心种质 原始种质 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]