不同基因型向日葵芽期和苗期耐盐性分析  

Analysis of salt-tolerance in different genotypes of sunflower at germination and seedlings

作　　者：李玉骁 谭美莲[1] 汪磊[1] 朱梓榕 严兴初[1] 汪魏 王玲 LI Yu-xiao;TAN Mei-lian;WANG Lei;ZHU Zi-rong;YAN Xing-chu;WANG Wei;WANG Ling(Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430062,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,农业农村部油料作物生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2025年第1期115-125,共11页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：向日葵种质资源精准鉴定项目(19221985);国家特色油料产业技术体系(CARS-14-1-17);油料作物优异种质资源发掘鉴定与创新利用(CAAS-OCRI-ZDRW-202203)。

摘　　要：为建立简单高效的向日葵芽期和苗期耐盐鉴定方法,明确不同基因型向日葵的耐盐性差异,筛选耐盐品种,本研究采用不同浓度的NaCl溶液对20个向日葵品种进行芽期和苗期的盐胁迫处理,在不同处理和时间节点下观察各品种指标变化,并基于各项指标进行相关性、主成分、隶属函数值、聚类等分析和耐盐性综合评价,比较各品种的耐盐性差异。结果表明:浓度≤160 mmol/L的NaCl处理下,某些品种的种子萌发和幼苗株高与对照相比,表现出一定的促进作用,但随着处理浓度的增加和时间的延长,种子萌发和幼苗生长均受到不同程度的抑制,且抑制作用随浓度增加和时间增长而越明显;NaCl处理下,幼苗叶片的K+/Na+明显高于根部,相对SPAD值则随着浓度的升高先上升后下降;相同处理浓度下,耐盐品种各指标相对值均高于盐敏感品种,说明耐盐品种比盐敏感品种受NaCl的影响小,具有一定的耐盐能力。本研究得出向日葵芽期和苗期NaCl耐盐性鉴定的适宜处理浓度均为250 mmol/L;芽期通过调查相对发芽率、相对发芽势、相对胚根长和相对胚芽长等指标的综合隶属函数值比较耐盐性,苗期通过调查NaCl处理第14 d的幼苗相对存活率、相对叶面积、相对株高、相对SPAD值、地上部分相对鲜重和地下部分相对鲜重等指标的综合隶属函数值来判断耐盐性;利用上述方法鉴定出67号和HZ001两个耐盐品种。To establish a simple and efficient method of salt tolerance assessment in sunflower,clarify the difference in salt tolerance among different genotypes of sunflower and select the highly salt-tolerant cultivars,in this study,the seeds and seedlings from 20 sunflower varieties were subjected to different concentrations of NaCl salt solutions,then the changes of every index for each variety were observed under different treatments and time points,and correlation,principal component,membership function value,cluster analysis and comprehensive evaluation of salt tolerance were conducted based on each index to compare the salt tolerance of those varieties.The results showed that seed germination and seedling height of some varieties had a certain promotion effect under the treatments with the NaCl concentration below 160 mmol/L compared to the control.However,with the increase of concentration and the delay of treatment time,seed germination and seedling growth were inhibited to different degrees and the suppression was more obvious.Under NaCl treatment,K+/Na+of seedling leaves was significantly higher than that of root,and the relative SPAD value initially increased and then decreased with the increase of NaCl concentration.Under the same stress concentration,the relative values of each observed index of salt-tolerant varieties(compared with 0 mmol/L control)exhibited higher than those of salt-sensitive varieties,indicating that salt-tolerant varieties were less affected by NaCl compare to salt-sensitive ones,and had a certain salt tolerance.It was concluded that the optimal concentration for NaCl salt tolerance identification in both sunflower germination and seedling stages was 250 mmol/L.The salt tolerance at the germination stage was compared by investigating the comprehensive membership function values of relative germination rate,relative germination potential,relative radicle length and relative germ length;Salt tolerance of seedlings was determined on the 14 day after NaCl treatment(250 mmol/L),by examining t

关 键 词：向日葵 耐盐性鉴定 芽期 苗期 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S565.5[农业科学—作物学]