添加剂对紫花苜蓿和油菜秸秆混合青贮品质及维生素含量的影响  

Effects of additives on quality and vitamin content of alfalfa and rape straw mixed silage

作　　者：何立超 唐佳新 卢娜 胡梦洁 罗俊杰 刘建民 郎宇 张健[1] 姜超 肖燕子 HE Li-chao;TANG Jia-xin;LU Na;HU Meng-jie;LUO Jun-jie;LIU Jian-min;LANG Yu;ZHANG Jian;JIANG Chao;XIAO Yan-zi(Hulunbuir College,Grass Industry Collaborative Innovation Research Center,Hulunbuir 021000,China)

机构地区：[1]呼伦贝尔学院,草产业协同创新研究中心,内蒙古自治区呼伦贝尔021000

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2025年第1期234-242,共9页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技创新引导奖励资金项目(2022CXYD006);内蒙古自治区教育厅项目(NJZY21238);呼伦贝尔市科技计划项目(NC2023022);内蒙古东部区油菜秸秆发酵及其饲喂利用技术研究与应用项目(NC2023022)。

摘　　要：为探究不同发酵菌剂对紫花苜蓿与油菜秸秆混合青贮发酵品质、营养品质及维生素的影响,本试验以紫花苜蓿(甘农6号)和当地角果成熟期收获的油菜秸秆为试验原料,按5:5的比例混合青贮,共设置4组处理:对照组CK(添加蒸馏水)、I组乳酸粪肠球菌(E.feecelis),Ⅱ组植物乳杆菌(L.piantarum),Ⅲ组乳酸粪肠球菌+植物乳杆菌,青贮60 d后对其进行营养品质、发酵品质和维生素含量的测定。结果表明,添加不同乳酸菌添加剂均可增加青贮料中乳酸(lactic acid,LA)的含量,降低p H值。Ⅱ组青贮p H最低,显著低于I组和CK组(P<0.05)。Ⅱ组青贮氨态氮/总氮(NH3-N/total nitrogen,NH3-N/TN)显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。Ⅱ组水溶性碳水化合物(water soluble carbohydrate,WSC)显著高于CK组(P<0.05)。Ⅲ组维生素E(VE)含量最高,I组维生素C(VC)含量最高。灰色关联度分析表明,试验Ⅱ组综合表现最优。综上所述,添加乳酸菌添加剂均可改善青贮饲料的发酵品质,其中植物乳杆菌添加剂综合表现最优,最适宜用作调制紫花苜蓿和油菜秸秆混合青贮饲料。To explore the effects of different additives on fermentation quality,nutrient quality and vitamin of mixed silage of alfalfa and rape straw,silage was made from a 5:5 mixture of alfalfa(Gannong 6)and locally harvested rapeseed straw at carob maturity.The experiment was set up with four groups of treatments:Control group CK(added distilled water);Enterococcus faecalis lactate Group I(E.feecelis);Lactobacillus plantarum Group II(L.piantarum);Enterococcus faecalis lactate+Lactobacillus plantarum GroupⅢ.After silage for 60 days,the nutritional quality,fermentation quality and vitamin content were determined.The results showed that the addition of different lactic acid bacteria additives could increase the content of lactic acid(LA)in silage and decrease the pH value,among which the treatment of Group II had the lowest pH,which was significantly lower than that of Group I and CK group(P<0.05),and the lowest ammoniacal nitrogen/total nitrogen(NH3-N/Total nitrogen,NH3-N/TN),which was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).Water soluble carbohydrate content in GroupⅡwas higher than that in other groups CK.The content of vitamin E in GroupⅢwas the highest.Group I had the highest vitamin C content.Grey correlation degree analysis showed that the comprehensive performance of GroupⅡwas the best.In conclusion,the fermentation quality of silage can be improved by adding lactic acid bacteria additives,among which Lactobacillus plantarum additive has the best comprehensive performance and is suitable for mixing alfalfa and rape straw silage.

关 键 词：添加剂 混合青贮 苜蓿和油菜秸秆 维生素 青贮品质 

分 类 号：S816.79[农业科学—饲料科学]