基于雷电分形理论的风机叶片接闪研究  

Research on lightning strikes on wind turbine blades based on fractal theory of lightning

作　　者：邹广宇 杨智博 姚京源 安兴 ZOU Guangyu;YANG Zhibo;YAO Jingyuan;AN Xing(Key Laboratory of Modern Power System Simulation Control and New Green Power Technology,Northeast Electric Power University,Jilin 132012,China;State Grid Yanbian Power Supply Company,Yanbian 133000,China)

机构地区：[1]现代电力系统仿真控制与绿色电能新技术教育部门重点实验室(东北电力大学),吉林吉林132012 [2]国网延边供电公司,吉林延边133000

出　　处：《电气应用》2025年第2期97-105,共9页Electrotechnical Application

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金面上项目(20230101340JC)。

摘　　要：风机叶片的雷电防护是确保风机安全运行的关键。由于雷电先导发展的不确定性和随机性,提出利用分形理论分析雷击风机叶片的物理过程,并考虑污秽附着叶片时对雷击接闪失效的影响。建立了雷电先导的分形模型,对风机叶片雷击过程进行仿真研究,分析不同叶片角度对叶片接闪的影响,在此基础上考虑污秽附着叶片时对叶片电场分布的影响,从而获得污秽对雷击接闪失效的变化规律。研究结果表明,三叶片风机发生叶片接闪时,三个叶片的接闪概率不一致,竖直向上的叶片接闪概率明显大于其他两个叶片。叶片的旋转角度使得其电场强度发生改变,随着叶片旋转角度的增大,叶片的引雷能力逐渐增强。同时在污秽附着叶片时,风机叶片背景电场发生畸变,电场强度进一步增大,导致雷击的区域扩大。相关结果可为现代风机及雷电防护的建立提供理论依据。The lightning protection of wind turbine blades is the key to ensuring the safe operation of wind turbines.Due to the uncertainty and randomness of the development of lightning,this paper proposes to use fractal theory to analyze the physical process of lightning strikes on wind turbine blades,and consider the impact of polluted attached blades on lightning strike failure.First,a fractal model of lightning is established to simulate the lightning strike process of wind turbine blades.Then,the influence of different blade angles on blade lightning strikes is analyzed.At last,the impact of pollution adhering to blades on the distribution of blade electric field is considered to obtain the variation law of pollution on lightning strike failure.The research results indicate that when a three blade wind turbine is struck by lightning,the probability of lightning strikes on the three blades is not consistent.The probability of lightning strikes on the vertically upward blade is significantly higher than the other two blades.The rotation angle of the blade causes a change in its electric field strength,and as the rotation angle of the blade increases,its lightning triggering ability gradually strengthens.At the same time,when pollution adheres to the blades,the background electric field of the wind turbine blades is distorted,and the electric field strength further increases,leading to the expansion of the lightning strike area.The relevant results can provide theoretical basis for the establishment of modern wind turbines and lightning protection.

关 键 词：分形理论 叶片接闪 电场计算 污秽附着 

分 类 号：TM8[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]