雅砻江软刺裸裂尻鱼不同地理群体形态差异研究  

Morphological Variations and Differentiation of Schizopygopsis malacanthus from Different Population in the Yalong River

作　　者：严太明[1,2] 蒲勇 胡佳祥 高阔 熊金鑫 赖柏霖 田琴瑶 徐帅 唐子婷 何智[1,2] YAN Taiming;PU Yong;HU Jiaxiang;GAO Kuo;XIONG Jinxin;LAI Bolin;TIAN Qinyao;XU Shuai;TANG Ziting;HE Zhi(College of Animal Science and Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Sichuan Agricultural University/Observation and Research Station of Sichuan Province of Fish Resources and Environment in Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River,Chengdu 611130,China;Sichuan Water Conservancy Vocational College,Chengdu 611231,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物科技学院,成都611130 [2]四川农业大学动物科技学院/长江上游鱼类资源与环境四川省野外科学观测研究站,成都611130 [3]四川水利职业技术学院,成都611231

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2025年第1期16-24,47,共10页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31972777、31402286);生态环境部生物多样性调查评估项目(2019HJ2096001006)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究软刺裸裂尻鱼不同地理群体的形态差异。【方法】对采集自雅砻江4个河段的92尾软刺裸裂尻鱼标本进行可数性状和可量性状对比分析,应用多变量形态度量学方法比较其形态差异。【结果】可数性状中雅江群体第一鳃弓内侧鳃耙数显著低于其他3个群体;雅江与甘孜和炉霍群体间的差异性状数量最多(12个),主要体现在D3、D7、D22、D28、D36等鱼体垂直轴向的显著差异性状,德格和甘孜群体间的差异性状数量最少(6个),主要体现在D1、D4、D9、D10等鱼体水平轴向的显著差异性状。4个群体间均存在不同数量的显著差异性状,但不存在同一显著差异性状,且4个地理群体的差异系数并未达到亚种分化水平;主成分分析提取出11个主成分,对方差的贡献率为79.059%,贡献指标主要体现在头部和躯干部;聚类分析发现,德格、甘孜和炉霍群体先聚为一支,再与雅江群体聚为一支;4个地理群体选取了5个变量建立判别公式,判别准确率达到了80.4%。【结论】雅砻江软刺裸裂尻鱼4个地理群体间虽存在形态分化,但在漫长的进化过程中还未能达到亚种分化水平。【Objective】This study aims to explore the morphological differences of different geographical species groups of Schizopygopsis malacanthus.【Method】The countable and quantifiable characters of 92 S.malacanthus specimens collected from four reaches of the Yalong River were analyzed,and the morphological differences were compared by multivariate morphometry.【Result】The number of gill rakes on the inner side of the first gill arch in the Yajiang population was significantly lower than the other three populations in countable traits.The number of different traits among Yajiang,Ganzi,and Luhuo populations was the highest(12),mainly reflected in the significant differences of D3,D7,D22,D28,D36,and other vertical axial traits.In contrast,the number of different traits among Dege and Ganzi populations was the least(6),mainly reflected in the significant differences of D1,D4,D9,D10,and other horizontal axial traits.There were significant differences in different numbers among the four populations,but the specific traits with significant differences varied,and the difference coefficient of the four geographic populations did not reach the subspecies differentiation level.The principal component analysis extracted 11 principal components,with a contribution rate of 79.059%.The contribution index mainly reflected in the head and trunk.Cluster analysis showed that the Dege,Ganzi,and Luhuo populations first clustered into one group,and then with Yajiang population.Five variables were selected from four geographical groups to establish the discriminant formula,and the discriminant accuracy reached 80.4%.【Conclusion】Although there is morphological differentiation among the four geographic groups of S.malacanthus in the Yalong River,the level of subspecies differentiation has not yet been reached during the long evolutionary process.

关 键 词：软刺裸裂尻鱼 形态度量学 主成分分析 聚类分析 判别分析 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]