基于50K液相芯片分析贵州香稻资源遗传多样性  

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Fragrant Rice Resources in Guizhou Province Based on 50K Liquid Phase Chip

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作  者:吴娴 王倩 吴朝昕 阙涛 吴钱蓉 龙武华 彭强 朱速松 WU Xian;WANG Qian;WU Chaoxin;QUE Tao;WU Qianrong;LONG Wuhua;PENG Qiang;ZHU Susong(Agricultural Sciences Rice Research Institute,Guizhou Academy,Guiyang 550000,China;Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Germplasm Innovation in Karst Region,Guiyang 550000,China;College of Life Sciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550000,China;College of Life Sciences,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550000,China)

机构地区:[1]贵州省水稻研究所,贵阳550000 [2]农业农村部喀斯特山区作物基因资源与种质创新重点实验室,贵阳550000 [3]贵州师范大学生命科学学院,贵阳550000 [4]贵州大学生命科学学院,贵阳550000

出  处:《四川农业大学学报》2025年第1期104-110,共7页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基  金:贵州省农业科学院青年基金项目[黔农科青年基金(2023)30];2024年贵州省级财政种业发展项目;贵州省基础研究(自然科学)项目[黔科合基础-ZK(2023)一般178];喀斯特山区特色作物生物育种创新能力建设(黔科合服企[2024]003-1);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2022]重点028);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合中引地[2023]033);国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1100301)。

摘  要:【目的】分析贵州香稻资源的群体结构与遗传多样性,促进贵州香稻在育种中的应用。【方法】利用50K液相基因芯片对78份香稻材料、2份不香的贵州培育品种、粳稻对照日本晴、籼稻对照9311共82份进行全基因组基因型检测,开展遗传多样性研究。【结果】经过严格过滤,获得35344个高质量SNP位点,期望杂合度平均为0.3282;最小等位基因频率平均为0.2166;Nei's基因多样性指数平均为0.3282,标记缺失率平均为0.0040;Shonnon指数平均为0.5060;PIC值平均为0.2714,大于0.2500的SNPs位点占比达78.59%,说明获得的SNPs标记具有较高的多态性和可信度。群体结构分析表明,有66份资源遗传背景相对比较单一,但材料的少数遗传成分具有多源性;82份水稻资源可被划分为6个亚群,贵州香禾材料共分为3类,说明遗传背景存在差异;而贵州培育香稻与9311聚为一类,多为籼稻材料。【结论】遗传参数结果说明贵州香稻品种间的位点遗传多样性较高,遗传多样性分析表明贵州香禾是一类特殊的香稻,且组间有很好的区分度,遗传背景存在差异;贵州培育香稻多为籼稻材料。【:Objective】This study aims to understand the population structure and genetic diversity of Guizhou fragrant rice resources and to promote the application of Guizhou fragrant rice in breeding programs.【Method】To analyze the genetic diversity,78 fragrant rice materials,two non-fragrant Guizhou varieties,Nipponbare and 9311 were genotyped using 50K liquid gene chips.【Result】After strict filtering,35,344 high-quality SNP sites were obtained.The average expected heterozygosity was 0.3282;the minimum allele frequency was 0.2166;Nei's gene diversity index was 0.3282;the marker deletion rate was 0.0040;the Shannon index was 0.5060;the PIC value was 0.2714,and 78.59%of SNP sites had PIC values greater than 0.2500.These results indicate that the obtained SNP markers exhibited high polymorphism and reliability.Population structure analysis revealed that the genetic background of 66 resources was relatively uniform,although a few materials contained multi-origin genetic components.The 82 rice resources were divided into six subgroups,with Guizhou Xianghe materials classified into three categories,suggesting genetic background differences.The cultivated fragrant rice varieties from Guizhou were grouped together with 9311,indicating that most of them are indica rice materials.【Conclusion】The genetic parameters revealed high genetic diversity among Guizhou fragrant rice varieties.Genetic diversity analysis showed that Guizhou Xianghe is a unique type of fragrant rice,with a significant degree of differentiation among groups and distinct genetic backgrounds.Additionally,the cultivated fragrant rice in Guizhou is predominantly of the indica type.

关 键 词:香稻 遗传多样性 液相芯片 

分 类 号:S511.2[农业科学—作物学] Q756[生物学—分子生物学]

 

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