林龄对川黄柏林下植物及土壤理化性质的影响  

The Influence of Age on the Understory Vegetation and Soil Physicochemical Properties of Phellodendron chinense Schneid Plantations

作　　者：谢川 王刚[2] 武华卫[1] 贾晨[1] 孙志鹏 XIE Chuan;WANG Gang;WU Huawei;JIA Chen;SUN Zhipeng(Sichuan Academy of Forestry/Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Conservation on Forest and Wetland,Chengdu610081,China;College of Forestry,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省林业科学研究院/森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川省重点实验室,成都610081 [2]四川农业大学林学院,成都611130

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2025年第1期184-192,共9页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2021YFN0110);四川省林草科技创新团队项目(2024LCTD0211)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同林龄川黄柏林林下植物多样性与土壤理化性质间的关系,为川黄柏林培育和经营提供理论依据。【方法】以不同林龄(2、5、8和12 a)川黄柏林为研究对象,调查林下植物物种组成,测定川黄柏根际、非根际土壤pH和养分含量,分析植物物种多样性与土壤理化性质相关性。【结果】①发现草本层植物50种,属于24科41属,灌木层植物6种,属于5科5属;植物群落物种数和丰富度随林龄逐渐上升。②根际、非根际土壤pH随林龄显著下降,而土壤有机碳显著上升;根际土壤养分含量高于非根际土壤,其中P和Mg含量随树龄增加,N和Cu含量先增后减,而K、Ca、Mn和Zn含量先减后增。③不同林龄川黄柏土壤矿质元素根际效应差异显著(P<0.05),且均为正效应;N、P、Mg、Fe、Mn和Cu的根际效应随林龄表现为先下降后上升趋势,而K、Ca和Zn则先上升后下降趋势;④相关性分析表明川黄柏林下植物物种数(S)与土壤P、K、Ca和Mg含量显著正相关;Pielou指数(D)与Fe显著正相关。【结论】不同林龄川黄柏林下植物物种多样性和土壤养分含量差异显著,且二者具有高度相关性。因此,随着林龄增加,应注意协调林下物种结构和土壤养分的配置,注意生长期土壤水分调节,同时考虑人工改善选择出最适合的林下伴生植物,营造多样性高、稳定性强的群落环境,为川黄柏人工林生长提供良好的环境。【Objective】This study aims to investigate the relationship between understory vegetation diversity and soil physicochemical properties in different age groups of Phellodendron chinense Schneid plantations,thereby providing theoretical foundation for its cultivation and management.【Method】The species composition of understory vegetation was investigated across different ages(2 a,5 a,8 a and 12 a).The pH values and nutrient contents of both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils were determined,and the correlation between vegetation species diversity and soil physicochemical properties was analyzed.【Result】①The study identified 50 species of herbaceous plants belonging to 24 families and 41 genera,alongside 6 species of shrub plants belonging to 5 families and 5 genera.The species number and richness within the plant community exhibited a gradual increase correlating with plantation's age.②Both rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil pH demonstrated a significant decline with the increasing plantation ages,whereas soil organic carbon showed a marked increase.The nutrient content of rhizosphere soil exhibited higher levels compared to non-rhizosphere soil.The contents of P and Mg demonstrated an upward trend with the increase of tree ages.In contrast,the contents of N and Cu initially rose and subsequently declined,whereas K,Ca,Mn and Zn concentrations decreased before experiencing an increase.③The rhizosphere effects on soil mineral elements exhibited significant variations across different plantation ages(P<0.05),with the effects being positive.The rhizosphere effects of N,P,Mg,Fe,Mn and Cu initially decreased and subsequently increased with ages,whereas the effects on K,Ca and Zn initially increased and then decreased.④Correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between the number of understory vegetation species(S)and soil P,K,Ca and Mg contents.Additionally,Pielou index(D)was positively correlated with Fe.【Conclusion】Significant variations in vegetation species diversity a

关 键 词：川黄柏 不同林龄 土壤养分 群落组成 多样性指数 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]