仿珍珠层结构陶瓷的研究进展  

Research Progress in Nacre-like Ceramics

作　　者：肖灵彬 王红洁[1] 苏磊 彭康 卢德 牛敏[1] XIAO Lingbin;WANG Hongjie;SU Lei;PENG Kang;LU De;NIU Min(State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学金属材料强度国家重点实验室,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《陶瓷学报》2025年第1期18-29,共12页Journal of Ceramics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(92263204,52072294)。

摘　　要：层状陶瓷是一系列在宏观或者微观具有层状结构的陶瓷的统称,其中仿珍珠层结构层状陶瓷,由于其特殊的微观结构,近年来更是受到广泛关注。由于珍珠层结构特殊的多尺度效应,将其引入陶瓷材料中,可以获得更高的断裂韧性。本文从天然珍珠层的结构特点出发,分析了其结构和性能特点,进而概述了仿珍珠层结构陶瓷的设计及制备方法、种类和相关增韧机制,对不同体系仿珍珠层结构陶瓷的特点和发展前景进行了归纳和总结。[Significance]The inherent brittleness of ceramic materials originates from the strong and directional covalent or ionic bonds,coupled with their complex crystal structures.The formation and movement of dislocations are difficult,making plastic deformation challenging and leading to failures that are more sudden and unpredictable.Therefore,overcoming the brittleness of ceramic materials and enhancing their fracture toughness are crucial for ensuring their safe use.It is well known that the essence of toughening ceramic materials lies in increasing their resistance to crack initiation and propagation under external forces.Natural nacre is a composite structure commonly found on the inner surface of mollusk shells and is renowned for its excellent mechanical properties of simultaneous high strength and toughness.Due to its unique multiscale effects,when the nacre structure is introduced into ceramic materials,high fracture toughness can be achieved.Inspired by this,extensive research on nacre-mimetic ceramic materials has been conducted,providing an important approach for the design of high-performance ceramic materials.[Progress]The properties and toughening mechanisms of natural nacre are discussed,starting from its"brick-and-mortar"structural characteristics,while the differences between laminated ceramics and nacre-mimetic ceramics are then introduced.Natural nacre typically consists of 95 vol%aragonite and 5 vol%organic matrix.This structure has alternating hard and soft layers,which can cause crack deflection,increase the plastic zone of crack influence,alleviate stress concentration and reduce the crack propagation rate.The adhesive action of the organic matrix can consume large amount of fracture energy,while the fracture of mineral bridges between aragonite crystals can also hinder crack propagation and consume fracture energy.Various methods,such as layer-by-layer deposition,freeze-drying and 3D printing,have been used to prepare nacre-mimetic ceramic materials with ceramic/organic,ceramic/metal and ceram

关 键 词：仿珍珠层结构陶瓷 增韧机制 制备方法 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ174.75[化学工程—陶瓷工业]