福建浦城大口窑青白瓷科技分析及工艺研究  

Scientific and Technological Analysis and Process Research on Bluish-white Porcelain from Dakou Kiln

作　　者：吴晨宇 吴晴雯 吴卫华 吴强 李锦伟 李其江 WU Chenyu;WU Qingwen;WU Weihua;WU Qiang;LI Jinwei;LI Qijiang(Research Center of Ancient Ceramics,Jingdezhen Ceramic University,Jingdezhen 333001,Jiangxi,China;Jiangxi Ceramic and Cultural Relics Protection and Royal Kiln Research Collaborative Innovation Center,Jingdezhen 333001 Jiangxi,China;Jiangxi Arts&Ceramics Technology Institute,Jingdezhen 333000,Jiangxi,China;Pucheng Museum,Nanping 353400,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]景德镇陶瓷大学古陶瓷研究中心,江西景德镇333001 [2]江西陶瓷文物遗存保护暨御窑研究协同创新中心,江西景德镇333001 [3]江西陶瓷工艺美术职业技术学院,江西景德镇333000 [4]浦城县博物馆,福建南平353400

出　　处：《陶瓷学报》2025年第1期185-194,共10页Journal of Ceramics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52462003);浦城青白瓷历史文化挖掘及价值研究;景德镇陶瓷大学研究生创新基金(YC2024-B248)。

摘　　要：大口窑是宋元福建的重要青白瓷窑口,2018年经考古勘探出土一批青白瓷样品。本文主要采用能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪、偏光显微镜、热膨胀仪、X射线光电子能谱以及色差计等测试方法,对大口窑青白瓷胎釉化学组成、显微结构、物理性能等进行分析。结果表明:大口窑青白瓷制备原料与同时期景德镇窑和繁昌窑具有明显的区别,属于单一高铝瓷石类原料。大口窑青白瓷釉分为钙釉和钙碱釉两类,制釉使用瓷石类原料和烧炼的石灰石。釉主要呈青白色,并以浅绿青白色为主,着色氧化物为Fe_(2)O_(3),采用还原气氛烧成。大口窑青白瓷烧成温度在1200℃左右,胎体致密性较好,胎釉结合处可见清晰钙长石反应层。[Background and purpose]The Dakou Kiln,first discovered in 1958,is located on the eastern slope of a rectangular basin in Dakou Village,Pucheng County,which dates back to the Song and Yuan Dynasties.It is one of the kilns associated with the Fujian bluish white porcelain tradition.The Dakou Kiln possesses significant geographical,historical and mineral resources,which have played a crucial role in the production and development of bluish and white porcelain.Products from the Dakou Kiln were exported worldwide via the Maritime Silk Road,serving as an important testament to the Minyue culture.However,previous studies on the Dakou Kiln's bluish white porcelain primarily focused on archaeological,historical and cultural dissemination perspectives,with limited exploration on the scientific connotations and production techniques of the porcelain.In this study,25 pieces of bluish white porcelain from the mid-Southern Song to the late Song and early Yuan periods were analyzed,along with 5 supporting ring samples,excavated by an official archaeological in 2018.Scientific analysis methods were employed,including statistical analysis and factor analysis,to study the chemical composition characteristics,microstructural features,and pottery-making techniques of Dakou Kiln's bluish white porcelain,aiming to elucidate the primary technological principles behind its production process.[Methods]Chemical composition of the samples was quantitatively analyzed using the EagleⅢXXL micro-focused energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer(EDAX,USA).The instrument was configured with a beam spot diameter of 300μm,operating at 25 kV and 600μA for a testing duration of 300 s.Rock structure of the samples was observed using Zeiss Axio Scope.A1 polarized light microscope.The firing temperature analysis was conducted using the DIL402C thermal expansion instrument(Netzsch,Germany),with a heating rate of 15℃·min^(−1).X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)for Fe ions was recorded using a Thermo Scientific Nexsa instrument,with a

关 键 词：大口窑 青白瓷 科技考古 制备工艺 

分 类 号：K876.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]