基于非均匀卫星通信地球站阵列的稳健波束形成算法  

Robust Beamforming Algorithm Based on Non-uniform Satellite Communication Earth Station Array

作　　者：习延鹏 刘剑[1] 张琦 XI Yanpeng;LIU Jian;ZHANG Qi(Information&Navigation College,Air Force Engineering University,Xi′an 710077,China;The 94188 Unit of the Chinese People′s Liberation Army,Xi′an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]空军工程大学信息与导航学院,西安710077 [2]中国人民解放军94188部队,西安710077

出　　处：《小型微型计算机系统》2025年第2期417-423,共7页Journal of Chinese Computer Systems

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(62271500)资助;陕西省自然科学研究基础计划项目(2020JM-344)资助。

摘　　要：针对均匀线性卫星通信地球站阵列在部分角度抗干扰性能不佳,且传统MVDR算法对各类误差非常敏感的问题,本文提出一种阵元布设逼近最小冗余阵且阵元位置互质的线性阵列,并采用导向矢量双层估计与干扰加噪声协方差矩阵重构的稳健MVDR算法.首先给出卫星通信地球站反射面天线增益表达式,推导出以反射面天线为阵元的传统MVDR算法;然后利用不确定集约束的方法,将导向矢量在规定的范围内进行修正,并根据噪声在空间内均匀分布的特点得到噪声功率,进而重构干扰加噪声协方差矩阵,获得阵列的最优权矢量;最后计算移相器和衰减器与最优权矢量的量化误差,并通过理论推导分析量化误差对阵列输出信干噪比的影响.通过计算机仿真,验证了所提方法可有效提升卫星通信地球站阵列的干扰抑制能力,增大阵列输出信干噪比,且算法具有较高的稳健性.所提方法解决了均匀线阵在部分角度抗干扰性能不佳的问题,可利用现有设备实现,为提升卫星通信地球站抗干扰能力提供了一种新思路.Regarding the problem of poor anti-interference performance of uniform linear array of satellite communication earth station at certain angles and the sensitivity of traditional MVDR algorithm to various errors,this paper proposes a linear array with element layout approximating minimum redundancy arrays and mutually prime element positions.It also adopts a robust MVDR algorithm based on steering vector double-layer estimation and reconstruction of interference plus noise covariance matrix.First,the gain expression of the reflector antenna of the satellite communication earth station is given,and the traditional MVDR algorithm with the reflector antenna as the element is derived.Then,using the method of uncertain set constraint,the direction vector is modified within a specified range,and the noise power is obtained based on the characteristic of noise uniformly distributed in space.The interference plus noise covariance matrix is reconstructed to obtain the optimal weight vector of the array.Finally,the quantization error of the phaser and attenuator with respect to the optimal weight vector is calculated,and the influence of quantization error on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the array output is analyzed through theoretical derivation.Through computer simulation,it is verified that the proposed method can effectively improve the anti-interference ability of the satellite communication earth station array,increase the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio of the array output,and the algorithm has high robustness.The proposed method solves the problem of poor anti-interference performance of uniform linear array at some angles,and can be realized by existing equipment,which provides a new way to improve the anti-interference ability of satellite communication earth station.

关 键 词：卫星通信 最小冗余阵 阵元位置互质 稳健MVDR算法 信干噪比 

分 类 号：TN927[电子电信—通信与信息系统]