泄压口阻塞率对大尺度气体泄爆特性的影响  

Influence of vent blockage rate on large-scale gas explosion venting characteristics

作　　者：王纪哲 胡倩然 杨慧洁 袁梦琦 李鹏亮 祁少博 WANG Jizhe;HU Qianran;YANG Huijie;YUAN Mengqi;LI Pengliang;QI Shaobo(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Safety Protection,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;Chongqing Innovation Center,Beijing Institute of Technology,Chongqing 400044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与安全防护全国重点实验室,北京100081 [2]北京理工大学重庆创新中心,重庆400044

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2025年第2期5-14,共10页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3304101);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(12302433);北京理工大学科技创新计划项目(2022CX01025);北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室项目(QNKT23-19)。

摘　　要：为了探究泄压口阻塞率对大尺度受限空间内气体泄爆灾害特性的影响,采用计算流体动力学(CFD)方法系统构建1个体积为63.48 m^(3)的燃气爆炸仿真模型,深入研究不同泄压口阻塞率(Br)工况下的气体泄爆演化动力学机制。研究结果表明:随着泄压口阻塞率的增加,室内爆炸强度增大,超压峰值与燃烧反应持续时长进一步增加;此外,最大燃烧速率普遍出现在5.5~7.0 m区域;当Br=72.1%时,室外未燃气体分布范围最广,热危害区域最大达到15.4 m;然而,Br=31.4%时,室外流场速度和湍流强度呈现出显著地削弱趋势,从而诱发较小的未燃气云范围和泄爆火焰危险区域。研究结果以期为城市危化品爆炸灾害缓解与居民住宅门窗结构安全设计提供科学指导和参考借鉴。To explore the influence of vent blockage rate on the hazard characteristics of gas explosion venting in large-scale confined spaces,a simulation model of gas explosion with a volume of 63.48 m 3 was systematically constructed by means of the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method.The evolution dynamics mechanism of gas explosion venting under different vent blockage rates(Br)was deeply studied.The results show that with the increase of vent blockage rate,the indoor explosion intensity increases,and the peak overpressure and the duration of combustion reaction further increase.Besides,the maximum combustion rate is generally observed to occur within the range of 5.5~7.0 m.As Br=72.1%,the outdoor distribution range of unburned gas is the widest,and the maximum thermal hazard area reaches 15.4 m.However,when Br=31.4%,the outdoor flow field velocity and turbulence intensity display a significant weakening trend,thereby inducing a smaller range of unburned gas cloud and explosion venting flame hazard area.The research results are expected to provide scientific guidance and reference basis for mitigating urban hazardous chemical explosion disasters and the safe design of residential door and window structures.

关 键 词：气体爆炸 泄压口阻塞率 数值模型 超压 火焰传播特性 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]