低压低温环境对氮气扑灭PMMA火焰有效性的影响  

Influence of low pressure and low temperature environment on effectiveness of nitrogen extinguishing PMMA flame

作　　者：妥弈纬 黄鑫 周晓猛 TUO Yiwei;HUANG Xin;ZHOU Xiaomeng(Key Laboratory of Civil Aviation Thermal Hazards Prevention and Emergency Response,Civil Aviation University of China,Tianjin 300300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国民航大学民航热灾害防控与应急重点实验室,天津300300

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2025年第2期52-58,共7页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金民航联合基金重点项目(U2133201);中国民航大学研究生科研创新项目(2023YJSKC09004);中央高校基本科研业务费中国民航大学专项项目(XJ2024003401)。

摘　　要：为明晰飞机货舱和高高原等低压低温环境条件下的固体火灾特性及氮气灭火有效性,利用环境实验箱开展不同环境压力(30~101 kPa)以及环境温度(-10~20℃)下PMMA燃烧及氮气灭火实验,分析环境参数对燃烧速率、火焰形态、火焰温度、灭火时间及气体体积分数等的影响机制。研究结果表明:PMMA的燃烧速率和火焰高度随着环境压力和温度的降低而降低,环境压力对火焰燃烧特性的影响会更加显著;在氮气的作用下,灭火时间、燃烧速率、CO_(2)体积分数随着环境压力和温度的降低而单调下降,火焰降温速率、临界氧体积分数、CO体积分数则随环境压力和环境温度的降低而增加。研究结果可为氮气在飞机货舱中的应用以及高高原环境下的氮气灭火系统的设计提供参考依据。In order to clarify the solid fire characteristics and the effectiveness of nitrogen extinguishing fire under low pressure and low temperature environmental conditions,such as aircraft cargo hold and high plateau,the PMMA combustion and nitrogen extinguishing fire experiments were carried out under different ambient pressures of 30~101 kPa and different ambient temperatures of-10~20℃by using the environment test chamber,and the influence mechanism of the environmental parameters on the burning rate,flame morphology,flame temperature,fire extinguishing time,and gas volume fraction was analyzed.The results show that the burning rate and flame height of PMMA decrease with the decrease of ambient pressure and temperature,and the influence of ambient pressures on the flame combustion characteristics will be more significant.Under the action of nitrogen,the fire extinguishing time,burning rate,CO2 volume fraction monotonically decrease with the decrease of ambient pressure and temperature,while the flame cooling rate,critical oxygen volume fraction,CO volume fraction increase with the decrease of ambient pressure and ambient temperature.The research results can provide a reference basis for the application of nitrogen in aircraft cargo hold and the design of nitrogen fire extinguishing system in high plateau environments.

关 键 词：低压低温 惰性气体 固体火灾 气体体积分数 火焰特性 

分 类 号：X949[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X932