不同劳动负荷下进藏人员高原作业疲劳研究  

Study on plateau work fatigue of migrant workers in Xizang under different workloads

作　　者：周勇[1,2] 李翔 侯兴隆 马佳瑶 来雨 ZHOU Yong;LI Xiang;HOU Xinglong;MA Jiayao;LAI Yu(School of Management,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an Shaanxi 710055,China;State Key Laboratory of Green Building,Xi’an Shaanxi 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学管理学院,陕西西安710055 [2]绿色建筑全国重点实验室,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《中国安全生产科学技术》2025年第2期191-199,共9页Journal of Safety Science and Technology

基　　金：西藏自治区重点研发与转化重大专项项目(XZ202501ZY0121);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024SF-YBXM-649);陕西高校青年创新团队建设项目(2023-2026);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2022JM-429)。

摘　　要：在高原低压缺氧和劳动负荷双约束下,进藏人员作业疲劳相比平原地区累积速率更快、疲劳程度更深,作业风险大。为探究进藏人员作业疲劳问题,综合考虑劳动强度、疲劳症状特征,设计高原作业疲劳自评量表,并于西藏拉萨开展劳动负荷模拟实验,分析不同劳动负荷下主观疲劳度和心率随时间的变化,从主、客观2个方面研究高原作业负荷对机体疲劳的影响。研究结果表明:受低氧环境影响,高原地区不同劳动负荷下呼吸疲劳显著性始终较高(P<0.05);随着作业时间推进,主观疲劳度持续累积,但疲劳增长率逐渐减小;随着劳动负荷增加,心率呈现非线性上升趋势。研究结果可为高原作业疲劳干预、职业健康管理提供参考。Coupled with the dual constraints of plateau hypobaric hypoxia and workload,the accumulation rate of work fatigue and the degree of fatigue for the migrant workers in Xizang are faster and deeper respectively compared to those in plain areas,which leads to higher operational risk.In order to investigate the problem of work fatigue among the migrant workers in Xizang,a self-assessment scale of plateau work fatigue was designed comprehensively considering the characteristics of labor intensity and fatigue symptoms.The workload simulation experiment was conducted in Lhasa,Xizang,then the change of subjective fatigue and heart rate with time under different workloads was analyzed,and the influence of plateau workload on body fatigue was studied from subjective and objective aspects.The results show that the significance of respiratory fatigue under different workloads is consistently higher(P<0.05)in the plateau region,which is influenced by the hypoxia environment.The subjective fatigue continues to accumulate as the working duration progresses,but the fatigue growth rate gradually decreases.As the workload increases,the heart rate exhibits a nonlinear ascent trend.The research results can provide a reference for the fatigue intervention and occupational health management of plateau operations.

关 键 词：高原低氧环境 进藏人员 作业疲劳 主观疲劳 心率测量 

分 类 号：X913[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X912