四川省鲜食玉米品种审定现状及特性分析  

Analysis of Approval and Characteristics of Fresh Maize Varieties in Sichuan Province

作　　者：宋俏姮 陈小琳 孔亮亮[1] 张垚[1] 崔阳 王佳婧 刘俊峰[1] SONG Qiaoheng;CHEN Xiaolin;KONG Liangliang;ZHANG Yao;CUI Yang;WANG Jiajing;LIU Junfeng(Rice and Sorghum Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Deyang Branch of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences),Deyang 618000,Sichuan,China;Deyang Crop Seed Station,Deyang 618000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所(四川省农业科学院德阳分院),四川德阳618000 [2]德阳市农作物种子站,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2025年第2期19-24,共6页China Vegetables

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系四川创新团队项目(sccxtd-2025-02);德阳市旌阳区科技计划项目,四川省财政自主创新专项(2022ZZCX071)。

摘　　要：鲜食玉米因其良好的食用品质和营养价值,受到市场的青睐。通过搜集2014—2023年四川省农作物品种审定委员会审定的鲜食玉米品种数据,对其基本情况和性状特点进行了系统梳理和分析,总结了四川省鲜食玉米品种发展趋势。结果表明:2014—2023年四川省共审定鲜食玉米品种95个,省内科研单位的育种主导优势地位凸显;品种审定数量前期发展缓慢,自2020年起迅速增多,甜加糯玉米逐渐成为主流审定类型;甜玉米籽粒颜色以黄色为主,糯玉米和甜加糯玉米以白色为主色调;审定品种全生育期以85~90 d居多,产量和品质均较对照有所提高,但均有一定的提升空间,高抗玉米主要病害的品种匮乏。针对鲜食玉米品种审定中存在的问题进行了总结,从加快多元化品种培育,强化品种综合抗性,优化审定标准方面提出了建议。Fresh maize is favored by the market because of its good edible quality and nutritional value.This article collected data on fresh maize varieties approved by the Sichuan Provincial Crop Variety Certification Committee from 2014 to 2023,systematically reviewed and analyzed their basic information and characteristics,and summarized the development trend of fresh maize varieties in Sichuan Province.The results showed that a total of 95 fresh maize varieties were approved in Sichuan Province from 2014 to 2023,and the dominant position of scientific research units in Sichuan was highlighted.The development of variety approval quantity was slow in the early stage,but it has rapidly increased since 2020,and sweet-waxy maize has gradually become the mainstream approval type.The kernel color of sweet maize is mainly yellow,and the color of waxy maize and sweet-waxy maize is mainly white.The growth period of the approved varieties was mostly 85-90 days,and the yield and quality were improved compared with the control,but there was a large room for improvement.However,there is a shortage of varieties with high resistance to major maize diseases.This paper also discussed the problems existing in the certification of fresh maize varieties,and put forward some suggestions from accelerating the cultivation of diversified varieties,strengthening the comprehensive resistance of varieties and optimizing the certification standards.

关 键 词：四川省 鲜食玉米 品种 审定 性状特点 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]