番茄品种耐低温结实性鉴定评价  

Evaluation of Tomato’s Low Temperature Fruiting Tolerance

作　　者：曹佳玲 文军琴 孙雪梅[1] 任延靖 钟启文[1] CAO Jialing;WEN Junqin;SUN Xuemei;REN Yanjing;ZHONG Qiwen(Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Qinghai University,Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology of Qinghai Province,Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Qermplasm Resources in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Xining 810016,Qinghai,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学农林科学院,青海省蔬菜遗传与生理重点实验室,青藏高原种质资源研究与利用实验室,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2025年第2期94-105,共12页China Vegetables

基　　金：青海省基础研究计划项目(青年)(2023-ZJ-953Q);国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1602400)。

摘　　要：为筛选耐低温结实性番茄种质资源,确定耐低温结实性评价指标和方法,以30份国内外优异番茄品种为材料,分别调查分析夏秋茬和冬春茬番茄开花结果期9个重要性状。通过多元统计分析,建立了番茄耐低温结实性预测最优回归方程,并筛选出耐低温结实性评价指标。相关性分析结果表明不同性状之间存在不同程度的相关性。主成分分析共提取出4个主成分,其累积贡献率为82.739%。30份番茄品种耐低温结实性综合评价值(D值)范围为0.207~0.850,其中QT-102的D值最高,QT-39的D值最低。聚类分析将30份番茄品种分为强耐冷型、耐冷型和冷敏感型3个类群。逐步回归分析建立了番茄耐低温结实性预测最优方程:D=0.026α_(1)-0.095α_(2)+0.049α_(3)+0.101α_(5)+0.246α_(6)+0.167α_(8)+0.147α_(9)+0.042,筛选到的耐低温结实性指标为:单果质量、心室数、果形指数、单花序花数、单花序果数、畸形果综合指数、畸形果平均级数。经验证方程的D值与回归值呈极显著正相关,且7个指标系数与D值均有不同程度的线性相关关系。研究结果为番茄耐低温结实性品种的选育提供理论依据。To screen the germplasm resources and determine the evaluation indexes and methods for low temperature fruiting tolerance,30 excellent tomato varieties at home and abroad were used as materials,and nine important traits were investigated and analysed during the flowering and fruiting period of tomato in the summer and autumn tomato crops,winter and spring tomato crops,respectively.The optimal regression equation and evaluation indexes for low temperature fruiting tolerance in tomato was established using multivariate statistical analysis.The results of correlation analysis showed that there were different degrees of correlation between different traits.Four principal components were extracted from the principal component analysis,and their cumulative contribution was 82.739%.The composite evaluation values(D)of the 30 tomato varieties ranged from 0.207 to 0.850,with QT-102 having the highest D value and QT-39 having the lowest D value.Cluster analysis classified the 30 tomato varieties into three groups:strong coldtolerant,more cold-tolerant and cold-sensitive.Stepwise regression analysis established the optimal equation for predicting low-temperature fruiting tolerance in tomato:D=0.026α_(1)-0.095α_(2)+0.049α_(3)+0.101α_(5)+0.246α_(6)+0.167α_(8)+0.147α_(9)+0.042,and the screened indicators were:mass weight of a single fruit,number of ventricles,fruit shape index,number of flowers in a single inflorescence,number of fruits in a single inflorescence,deformed fruit composite index,and the average grade of deformed fruits.The D value of the validated equation is highly significant and positively correlated with the regression value,and the coefficients of the seven indicators are linearly correlated with the D value to varying degrees.The results provide a theoretical basis for the selection and breeding of tomato varieties with low temperature fruiting tolerance.

关 键 词：番茄 耐低温结实性 综合评价 最优回归方程 

分 类 号：S64[农业科学—蔬菜学]