自发性扁桃体出血的病因分析及治疗  

Etiological analysis and treatment of spontaneous tonsillar hemorrhage

作　　者：胡娟娟 杨慧[1] 钱应雪 王彬彬 雷竹君[1,2] 吕丹 邹剑[1] HU Juanjuan;YANG Hui;QIAN Yingxue;WANG Binbin;LEI Zhujun;LV Dan;ZOU Jian(Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck,West China Tianfu Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610213,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,四川成都610041 [2]四川大学华西天府医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,四川成都610213

出　　处：《中国耳鼻咽喉颅底外科杂志》2025年第1期106-110,共5页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-skull Base Surgery

摘　　要：自发性扁桃体出血(STH)在临床上较为罕见,病因复杂且隐匿,其中最常见的原因为咽部局部感染。目前尚无统一的诊断标准,主要依靠临床症状、体征以及实验室检查等作出判断,其治疗主要根据病因及出血情况的不同而采取相应的治疗措施,包括病因治疗、支持治疗和止血治疗,如上述方法无效,在排除凝血系统、高血压等疾病后,应果断实施缝扎、扁桃体切除术、颈外动脉结扎术、选择性动脉造影及栓塞术等方法。本文就STH的发病原因以及诊治原则作一综述,以期为耳鼻咽喉临床提供参考。Spontaneous tonsillar hemorrhage(STH)is relatively rare in clinical practice.The etiology of STH is complex and insidious,the most common of which is local infection of the pharynx.Presently,there is no unified diagnostic criterion for STH,which is mainly based on clinical signs and laboratory tests for STH.Its treatment is mainly based on the different causes and bleeding conditions,including etiological treatment,supportive treatment,and hemostatic treatment.If the above treatments are ineffective,and coagulation system and hypertension and other diseases are ruled out,suture,tonsillectomy,external carotid artery ligation and selective arteriography and embolization should be decisively performed.This paper reviews the pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment principles of STH,which will provide reference for the treatments of otolaryngology emergency.

关 键 词：自发性扁桃体出血 病因分析 治疗 

分 类 号：R766.4[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]