中国企业年金制度的回溯与展望  

Retrospect and Prospect of the Development of China’s Enterprise Annuity

作　　者：齐传钧[1] QI Chuan-jun(Chinese Academy of Social Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院中国式现代化研究院

出　　处：《华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)》2025年第1期10-22,共13页Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：研究阐释党的二十大精神国家社会科学基金重大项目“2035年我国多层次多支柱养老保险体系发展目标与现实路径研究”(23ZDA100)。

摘　　要：历经多年演进,企业年金制度已成为我国多层次多支柱养老保险体系中的关键一环。然而,鉴于中国庞大的人口基数与经济体量,企业年金的发展现状仍显不足,其成效有待进一步提升。通过对近二十年来官方数据及学术界研究成果的深入分析,揭示我国企业年金面临的三大核心挑战:如何推动企业年金实现跨越性增长;如何合理评估税收优惠政策的实际效用;如何有效提高基金的投资回报率。基于此,应从激发企业内在动力机制着手,对现有制度进行深层次的结构性改革,不必一味强调税收优惠政策的激励性,而要注重该政策的公平取向,同时还要优化企业年金投资管理体系的运作效率,以期为我国企业年金实现质的飞跃提供坚实支撑。After years of evolution,the enterprise annuity system has become a crucial component of China’s multi-level and multi-pillar pension insurance system.However,in consideration of China’s vast population and economic scale,the current development of enterprise annuities remains inadequate,and their effectiveness needs further enhancement.Through an in-depth analysis of official data and academic research achievements over the past two decades,this study uncovers three core challenges faced by China’s enterprise annuity system.Firstly,how to promote the leapfrog development of enterprise annuities;secondly,how to reasonably evaluate the actual effectiveness of tax incentive policies;and lastly,how to effectively enhance the investment return rate of the funds.Based on these findings,this paper proposes that we should commence by stimulating the intrinsic motivation mechanism of enterprises and undertake deep-seated structural reforms to the existing system.Rather than solely emphasizing the incentivizing nature of tax incentive policies,we should focus on their fairness orientation and optimize the operational efficiency of the enterprise annuity investment management system.By doing so,we aim to provide solid support for achieving a qualitative leap in China’s enterprise annuity system.

关 键 词：企业年金 投资收益 养老金 税收优惠 

分 类 号：F840.612[经济管理—保险]