制革含硫废水的好氧生化调质过程研究  

Aerobic biochemical conditioning process of sulfur-containing wastewater from tannery

作　　者：孙恬 马宏瑞 陶坤 徐芝芬 SUN Tian;MA Hongrui;TAO Kun;XU Zhifen(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;Xi’an Eureka Environmental Protection Technology Co.,Xi’an 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710021 [2]西安优瑞卡环保科技有限公司,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《应用化工》2025年第1期50-56,共7页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(22076113)。

摘　　要：通过探究纯氧氧化、生化氧化和污泥吸附对硫化物的转化影响以及在硫化物存在条件下微生物群落变化,分析了制革含硫废水中硫的生物转化过程及微生物群落响应。结果显示,与好氧生化S^(2-)最高转化率61.0%相比,硫化物纯氧氧化为硫酸盐的转化率仅为3.7%。停留时间为24 h时,好氧生化过程中S^(2-)的去除率超过98%,75%以上的S^(2-)是通过污泥吸附和生化氧化进行转化的,12.5%~16.5%的S^(2-)通过气体吹脱逸出;同时在好氧生化过程的污泥表面发现有单质硫存在,且大多以硫粒的形态赋存。现场小试证明,即使高浓度的COD_(Cr)和硫化物直接进入系统,平均COD_(Cr)削减率仍达94.4%,但硝化过程受到硫化物毒性的显著影响。微生物群落结构分析显示,制革含硫废水直接生化提升了好氧活性污泥中微生物的生长、繁殖和明显的种群变异,同时在处理过程中形成了较为稳定的生态网络,提高了系统的抗逆性。The biotransformation process and microbial community response of sulphur in tannery sulphur-containing wastewater were analysed by exploring the effects of aerobic oxidation,biochemical oxidation and sludge adsorption on the conversion of sulphide and the changes of microbial community in the presence of sulphide.The results showed that:compared with the highest conversion rate of 61.0%for aerobic biochemical S^(2-),the conversion rate of sulphide to sulphate by pure aerobic oxidation was only 3.7%;the removal rate of S^(2-)in aerobic biochemical process was more than 98%at a residence time of 24 h.More than 75%of S^(2-)was converted by sludge adsorption and biochemical oxidation,and 12.5%~16.5%of S^(2-)escaped by gas blowing off;at the same time in the aerobic biochemical process of the sludge surface was found to have a single sulfur presence,and most of them are endowed in the form of sulfur particles.The field trial proved that the average COD_(Cr)reduction rate was 94.4%even though high concentrations of COD_(Cr)and sulphide entered the system directly,but the nitrification process was significantly affected by the toxicity of sulphide.The microbial community structure analysis showed that the direct biochemistry of tannery sulfide wastewater enhanced the growth,reproduction and obvious population variation of microorganisms in the aerobic activated sludge,and at the same time,a more stable ecological network was formed during the treatment process,which improved the resilience of the system.

关 键 词：制革含硫废水 好氧生化 活性污泥 微生物群落 

分 类 号：TQ949[化学工程] X794[环境科学与工程—环境工程]