黄腐酸钾接枝共聚物的合成及其在盐碱土调理的应用  

Preparation and application of potassium humate graft copolymer in saline alkali soil conditioning

作　　者：刘小培[1] 李中贤[1] 王俊伟[1] 董学亮[1] 宋跃 靳瑞文 张奇 王冰磊 余学军[1] LIU Xiaopei;LI Zhongxian;WANG Junwei;DONG Xueliang;SONG Yue;JIN Ruiwen;ZHANG Qi;WANG Binglei;YU Xuejun(High&New Technology Research Center of Henan Academy of Sciences,Henan Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省科学院高新技术研究中心河南省精细化工重点实验室,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《应用化工》2025年第1期126-130,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：河南省科学院重大科技创新项目(220102002);河南省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(Z20231811019,Z20241471147);河南省科学院功能有机分子设计与绿色合成创新团队(20230105)。

摘　　要：以黄腐酸钾(HA)、丙烯酸(AA)为反应单体,过硫酸钾(KPS)、硝酸铈铵(CAN)为引发剂,通过水溶液自由基共聚法制备了黄腐酸钾接枝丙烯酸。对其进行了FTIR、HPLC、GPC-MALLS表征和盐碱土调理应用性能研究。结果表明:①共聚物制备成功,残余单体含量0.11%,重均分子量4236,数均分子量2267,分散系数PDI 1.869,适合用作土壤调理剂;②调理剂能提升棉花种子发芽率,不同浓度调理剂使发芽率从45%提高到60%~90%,以每公斤土壤施用0.26 g调理剂效果最佳,调理剂亦能增加棉花幼苗生物量,尤其对根长影响较大,更有利于吸收土壤中的水分、养分,促进生长发育;③调理剂能显著降低盐碱土壤pH值及盐含量,土壤颗粒之间开始团聚、土壤表面变得粗糙,颗粒间孔隙增多。Potassium humate-acrylic acid graft coplymer were prepared with potassium humate(HA),acrylic acid(AA)as reactive monomers and cerium ammonium nitrate(CAN)-potassium persulfate(KPS)as initiator by free radical polymerization in aqueous solution.It was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FIIR),high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),gel permeation chromatography-eighteen angles laser light scattering(GPC-MALLS)and used as saline alkali soil conditioner.The results showed that:the copolymer was successfully prepared with residual monomer content of 0.11%,weight average molecular weight of 4236,number average molecular weight of 2267,and dispersion coefficient PDI of 1.869.It is suitable for soil conditioning agents;the conditioning agents can improve the germination rate of cotton seeds,different concentrations of soil conditioning agents can increase the germination rate from 45%to 60%~90%,with the optimal germination rate by applying 0.26 g conditioning agents per kilogram soil;conditioning agents can also improve the seedling biomass of cotton seeds,especially has a significant impact on root length,which is more conducive to absorbing water and nutrients from the soil,promoting cotton growth and development;the conditioning agents can significantly reduce the pH value and salt content of saline alkali soil,dense and compact soil particles aggregate,the soil surface become rough and the number of intergranular pores increase.

关 键 词：黄腐酸钾 丙烯酸 接枝共聚物 盐碱土 棉花 种子萌发生长 土壤理化性质 

分 类 号：TQ050.4[化学工程]